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Digital Twins (DTs) offer powerful tools for managing complex infrastructure systems, but their effectiveness is often limited by challenges in integrating unstructured knowledge. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) bring new…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Naiyi Li , Zihui Ma , Runlong Yu , Lingyao Li

Commute Time Distance (CTD) is a random walk based metric on graphs. CTD has found widespread applications in many domains including personalized search, collaborative filtering and making search engines robust against manipulation. Our…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-07-28 Nguyen Lu Dang Khoa , Sanjay Chawla

Anomaly detection is the task of detecting data which differs from the normal behaviour of a system in a given context. In order to approach this problem, data-driven models can be learned to predict current or future observations.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-30 Benedikt Eiteneuer , Oliver Niggemann

Anomaly detection (AD) plays an important role in various real-world applications. Recent advancements in AD, however, are often biased towards industrial inspection, struggle to generalize to broader tasks like semantic anomaly detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Hangil Park , Yongmin Seo , Tae-Kyun Kim

Anomalies represent deviations from the intended system operation and can lead to decreased efficiency as well as partial or complete system failure. As the causes of anomalies are often unknown due to complex system dynamics, efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Benjamin Lindemann , Benjamin Maschler , Nada Sahlab , Michael Weyrich

Through continuous observation and modeling of normal behavior in networks, Anomaly-based Network Intrusion Detection System (A-NIDS) offers a way to find possible threats via deviation from the normal model. The analysis of network traffic…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Nguyen Thanh Van , Tran Ngoc Thinh , Le Thanh Sach

Due to limitations in data quality, some essential visual tasks are difficult to perform independently. Introducing previously unavailable information to transfer informative dark knowledge has been a common way to solve such hard tasks.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-29 Lingyu Si , Hongwei Dong , Wenwen Qiang , Junzhi Yu , Wenlong Zhai , Changwen Zheng , Fanjiang Xu , Fuchun Sun

This paper aims to address the problem of anomaly discovery in semantic segmentation. Our key observation is that semantic classification plays a critical role in existing approaches, while the incorrectly classified pixels are easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Huan Zhou , Shi Gong , Yu Zhou , Zengqiang Zheng , Ronghua Liu , Xiang Bai

Knowledge Distillation (KD) has emerged as a prominent technique for model compression. However, conventional KD approaches primarily focus on homogeneous architectures with identical tokenizers, constraining their applicability in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yijie Chen , Yijin Liu , Fandong Meng , Yufeng Chen , Jinan Xu , Jie Zhou

Object detection has advanced significantly with Detection Transformers (DETRs). However, these models are computationally demanding, posing challenges for deployment in resource-constrained environments (e.g., self-driving cars). Knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Qizhen Lan , Qing Tian

In Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) research, anomaly detection (detecting abnormal behavior) and diagnosis (identifying the underlying root cause) are often treated as distinct, isolated tasks. However, diagnosis algorithms require symptoms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Henrik S. Steude , Lukas Moddemann , Alexander Diedrich , Jonas Ehrhardt , Oliver Niggemann

Unsupervised anomaly detection encompasses diverse applications in industrial settings where a high-throughput and precision is imperative. Early works were centered around one-class-one-model paradigm, which poses significant challenges in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Sushovan Jena , Vishwas Saini , Ujjwal Shaw , Pavitra Jain , Abhay Singh Raihal , Anoushka Banerjee , Sharad Joshi , Ananth Ganesh , Arnav Bhavsar

Digital Twins (DT) facilitate monitoring and reasoning processes in cyber-physical systems. They have progressively gained popularity over the past years because of intense research activity and industrial advancements. Cognitive Twins is a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-22 Erkan Karabulut , Salvatore F. Pileggi , Paul Groth , Victoria Degeler

Knowledge Distillation (KD) compresses computationally expensive pre-trained language models (PLMs) by transferring their knowledge to smaller models, allowing their use in resource-constrained or real-time settings. However, most smaller…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Hayeon Lee , Rui Hou , Jongpil Kim , Davis Liang , Hongbo Zhang , Sung Ju Hwang , Alexander Min

Machine learning models, particularly the black-box models, are widely favored for their outstanding predictive capabilities. However, they often face scrutiny and criticism due to the lack of interpretability. Paradoxically, their strong…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-17 Xuetao Lu , J. Jack Lee

Recently, the concept of digital twins (DTs) has received significant attention within the realm of 5G/6G. This demonstration shows an innovative DT design and implementation framework tailored toward integration within the 5G…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Peizheng Li , Adnan Aijaz , Tim Farnham , Sajida Gufran , Sita Chintalapati

Transformer-based detectors (DETRs) are becoming popular for their simple framework, but the large model size and heavy time consumption hinder their deployment in the real world. While knowledge distillation (KD) can be an appealing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Jiahao Chang , Shuo Wang , Haiming Xu , Zehui Chen , Chenhongyi Yang , Feng Zhao

Modern power grids are transitioning towards power electronics-dominated grids (PEDG) due to the increasing integration of renewable energy sources and energy storage systems. This shift introduces complexities in grid operation and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-24 Ildar N. Idrisov , Divine Okeke , Abdullatif Albaseer , Mohamed Abdallah , Federico M. Ibanez

Anomaly detection techniques enable effective anomaly detection and diagnosis in multi-variate time series data, which are of major significance for today's industrial applications. However, establishing an anomaly detection system that can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Lingrui Yu

Digital Twins (DTs) are computational models that simulate the states and temporal dynamics of real-world systems, playing a crucial role in prediction, understanding, and decision-making across diverse domains. However, existing approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Samuel Holt , Tennison Liu , Mihaela van der Schaar