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We integrate a small and portable medical x-ray device with mechanical testing equipment to enable in-situ, non-invasive measurements of a granular material's response to mechanical loading. We employ an orthopedic C-arm as the x-ray source…
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) has become a powerful tool in the study of the electronic structure of condensed matter. Although the linewidths of many RIXS features are narrow, the experimental broadening can often hamper the…
This chapter introduces the use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) in studying the local electronic and atomic structure of high-entropy materials. The element selectivity of XAS makes it particularly suitable to address the challenges…
The core theme of X-ray crystallography is reconstructing the electron density distribution of crystals under the constraints of observed diffraction data. Nevertheless, the reconstruction of electron density distribution by straightforward…
X-ray imaging is the most popular medical imaging technology. While x-ray radiography is rather cost-effective, tissue structures are superimposed along the x-ray paths. On the other hand, computed tomography (CT) reconstructs internal…
In this article, we demonstrate the viability of highly monochromatic full-field X-ray absorption near edge structure based tomography using a laboratory-scale Johann-type X-ray absorption spectrometer based on a conventional X-ray tube…
The three areas of realistic forward rendering, per-pixel inverse rendering, and generative image synthesis may seem like separate and unrelated sub-fields of graphics and vision. However, recent work has demonstrated improved estimation of…
One of the least biased complete Seyfert sample available to date has been considered to perform an X-ray survey using the capabilities of XMM-Newton and Chandra satellites. The X-ray nuclear luminosities obtained have been used to perform…
Polarized X-rays allow for imaging birefringent or dichroic properties of materials with nanometric resolution. To disentangle these properties from the electronic density, either a polarization analyzer or several measurements with…
Background: Dual-energy CT (DECT) and material decomposition play vital roles in quantitative medical imaging. However, the decomposition process may suffer from significant noise amplification, leading to severely degraded image…
We propose a method for performing material identification from radiographs without energy-resolved measurements. Material identification has a wide variety of applications, including in biomedical imaging, nondestructive testing, and…
Multi-material decomposition (MMD) enables quantitative reconstruction of tissue compositions in the human body, supporting a wide range of clinical applications. However, traditional MMD typically requires spectral CT scanners and…
X-ray radiography is the most readily available imaging modality and has a broad range of applications that spans from diagnosis to intra-operative guidance in cardiac, orthopedics, and trauma procedures. Proper interpretation of the hidden…
X-ray tomography is a reliable tool for determining the inner structure of 3D object with penetrating X-rays. However, traditional reconstruction methods such as FDK require dense angular sampling in the data acquisition phase leading to…
Spectral decomposition of matrices is a recurring and important task in applied mathematics, physics and engineering. Many application problems require the consideration of matrices of size three with spectral decomposition over the real…
X-ray spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tools to access structure and properties of matter in different states of aggregation as it allows to trace atomic and molecular energy levels in course of various physical and chemical…
Conventional energy-integration black-white X-ray imaging lacks spectral information of X-ray photons. Although X-ray spectra (energy) can be distinguished by photon-counting technique typically with CdZnTe detectors, it is very challenging…
Imaging with multiple modalities or multiple channels is becoming increasingly important for our modern society. A key tool for understanding and early diagnosis of cancer and dementia is PET-MR, a combined positron emission tomography and…
Dual energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging plays an important role in advanced imaging applications due to its material decomposition capability. Image-domain decomposition operates directly on CT images using linear matrix inversion,…
The polarization of x-rays plays an outstanding role in experimental techniques such as non-resonant magnetic x-ray scattering and resonant x-ray scattering of magnetic and multipolar order. Different instrumental methods applied to…