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The increasing popularity of certain programming languages has spurred the creation of ecosystem-specific package repositories and package managers. Such repositories (e.g., npm, PyPI) serve as public databases that users can query to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-09 Piergiorgio Ladisa , Merve Sahin , Serena Elisa Ponta , Marco Rosa , Matias Martinez , Olivier Barais

Web developers routinely rely on third-party Java-Script libraries such as jQuery to enhance the functionality of their sites. However, if not properly maintained, such dependencies can create attack vectors allowing a site to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-02-17 Tobias Lauinger , Abdelberi Chaabane , Sajjad Arshad , William Robertson , Christo Wilson , Engin Kirda

Software libraries are central to the functionality, security, and maintainability of modern code. As developers increasingly turn to Large Language Models (LLMs) to assist with programming tasks, understanding how these models recommend…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Jasmine Latendresse , SayedHassan Khatoonabadi , Emad Shihab

The management of third-party package dependencies is crucial to most technology stacks, with package managers acting as brokers to ensure that a verified package is correctly installed, configured, or removed from an application. Diversity…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-16 Syful Islam , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Christoph Treude , Bodin Chinthanet , Takashi Ishio , Kenichi Matsumoto

Security vulnerabilities introduced by applications using third-party dependencies are on the increase, caused by the emergence of large ecosystems of libraries such as the NPM packages for JavaScript. Nowadays, libraries depend on each…

Open-source software (OSS) supply chain security has become a topic of concern for organizations. Patching an OSS vulnerability can require updating other dependent software products in addition to the original package. However, the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Cadence Patrick , Kimberly Ruth , Zakir Durumeric

The Open Source Software movement has been growing exponentially for a number of years with no signs of slowing. Driving this growth is the widespread availability of libraries and frameworks that provide many functionalities. Developers…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Stan Zajdel , Diego Elias Costa , Hafedh Mili

This paper reports a large-scale study that aims to understand how mobile application (app) vulnerabilities are associated with software libraries. We analyze both free and paid apps. Studying paid apps was quite meaningful because it…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Takuya Watanabe , Mitsuaki Akiyama , Fumihiro Kanei , Eitaro Shioji , Yuta Takata , Bo Sun , Yuta Ishi , Toshiki Shibahara , Takeshi Yagi , Tatsuya Mori

Modern software systems are often built by leveraging code written by others in the form of libraries and packages to accelerate their development. While there are many benefits to using third-party packages, software projects often become…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Jasmine Latendresse , Suhaib Mujahid , Diego Elias Costa , Emad Shihab

Python software development heavily relies on third-party packages. Direct and transitive dependencies create a labyrinth of software supply chains. While it is convenient to reuse code, vulnerabilities within these dependency chains can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jacob Mahon , Chenxi Hou , Zhihao Yao

The open-source software (OSS) ecosystem suffers from security threats caused by malware.However, OSS malware research has three limitations: a lack of high-quality datasets, a lack of malware diversity, and a lack of attack campaign…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Xiaoyan Zhou , Ying Zhang , Wenjia Niu , Jiqiang Liu , Haining Wang , Qiang Li

Security vulnerability in third-party dependencies is a growing concern not only for developers of the affected software, but for the risks it poses to an entire software ecosystem, e.g., Heartbleed vulnerability. Recent studies show that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Bodin Chinthanet , Raula Gaikovina Kula , Shane McIntosh , Takashi Ishio , Akinori Ihara , Kenichi Matsumoto

In the current software development environment, third-party libraries play a crucial role. They provide developers with rich functionality and convenient solutions, speeding up the pace and efficiency of software development. However, with…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Jia Zeng , Dan Han , Yaling Zhu , Yangzhong Wang , Fangchen Weng

Knowing what sensitive resources a dependency could potentially access would help developers assess the risk of a dependency before selection. One way to get an understanding of the potential sensitive resource usage by a dependency is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Imranur Rahman , Ranidya Paramitha , Henrik Plate , Dominik Wermke , Laurie Williams

One of the biggest strength of many modern programming languages is their rich open source package ecosystem. Indeed, modern language-specific package managers have made it much easier to share reusable code and depend on components written…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-04-08 Théo Zimmermann

The risk to using third-party libraries in a software application is that much needed maintenance is solely carried out by library maintainers. These libraries may rely on a core team of maintainers (who might be a single maintainer that is…

Software vulnerabilities have a large negative impact on the software systems that we depend on daily. Reports on software vulnerabilities always paint a grim picture, with some reports showing that 83% of organizations depend on vulnerable…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Mahmoud Alfadel , Diego Elias Costa , Mouafak Mokhallalati , Emad Shihab , Bram Adams

BACKGROUND: Vulnerable dependencies are a known problem in today's open-source software ecosystems because OSS libraries are highly interconnected and developers do not always update their dependencies. AIMS: In this paper we aim to present…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2018-08-30 Ivan Pashchenko , Henrik Plate , Serena Elisa Ponta , Antonino Sabetta , Fabio Massacci

Modern software systems rely on dependency networks of reusable libraries, where breaking changes propagate and cause downstream consumers to fail. Despite growing research across ecosystems, no comprehensive synthesis exists. We conduct a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Juntao Chen , Tingting Bi , Yanlin Wang , Patanamon Thongtanunam

We study the evolution and impact of bloated dependencies in a single software ecosystem: Java/Maven. Bloated dependencies are third-party libraries that are packaged in the application binary but are not needed to run the application. We…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-06-01 César Soto-Valero , Thomas Durieux , Benoit Baudry