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In this work, we develop a method to use Quantum- Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) for universal quantum computing. This method is based conceptually on refocusing in NMR systems. We show how an array of QCA cells can be used for isolated single…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-28 Seyed Arash Sheikholeslam , Konrad Walus

There exists an index theory to classify strictly local quantum cellular automata in one dimension. We consider two classification questions. First, we study to what extent this index theory can be applied in higher dimensions via…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-20 M. Freedman , M. B. Hastings

Standard approaches to quantum error correction (QEC) require active maintenance using measurements and classical processing. Passive QEC, by contrast, has so far been established only in unphysical spatial dimensions. Here, we give an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Gesa Dünnweber , Georgios Styliaris , Rahul Trivedi

Cellular automata (CA) are discrete-time dynamical systems with local update rules on a lattice. Despite their elementary definition, CA support a wide spectrum of macroscopic phenomena central to statistical physics: equilibrium and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2026-03-31 Mihir Metkar , Neha Sah , Yichen Zhou

Construction of a fault-tolerant quantum computer remains a challenging problem due to unavoidable noise in quantum states and the fragility of quantum entanglement. However, most of the error-correcting codes increases the complexity of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-28 Kumar Nilesh , Piyush Joshi , Prasanta Panigrahi

Take a cellular automaton, consider that each configuration is a basis vector in some vector space, and linearize the global evolution function. If lucky, the r esult could actually make sense physically, as a valid quantum evolution; but…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-03 Pablo Arrighi , Vincent Nesme

We introduce a scheme to perform universal quantum computation in quantum cellular automata (QCA) fashion in arbitrary subsystem dimension (not necessarily finite). The scheme is developed over a one spatial dimension $N$-element array,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-09-02 G. A. Paz-Silva , G. K. Brennen , J. Twamley

In the near future the era of Beyond CMOS will start as the scaling of the current CMOS technology will reach the fundamental limit. QCA (Quantum-dot Cellular Automata) is the transistor less computation paradigm and viable candidate for…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2017-11-23 Usha Mehta , Vaishali Dhare

We discuss the role of classical control in the context of reversible quantum cellular automata. Employing the structure theorem for quantum cellular automata, we give a general construction scheme to turn an arbitrary cellular automaton…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 D. J. Shepherd , T. Franz , R. F. Werner

Bijections between sets may be seen as discrete (or crisp) unitary transformations used in quantum computations. So discrete quantum cellular automata are cellular automata with reversible transition functions. This note studies on 1d…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2007-05-23 Shuichi Inokuchi , Kazumasa Honda , Hyen Yeal Lee , Tatsuro Sato , Yoshihiro Mizoguchi , Yasuo Kawahara

One-dimensional quantum cellular automata (QCA) consist in a line of identical, finite dimensional quantum systems. These evolve in discrete time steps according to a local, shift-invariant unitary evolution. By local we mean that no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-15 Pablo Arrighi , Vincent Nesme , Reinhard Werner

Linear quantum cellular automata were introduced recently as one of the models of quantum computing. A basic postulate of quantum mechanics imposes a strong constraint on any quantum machine: it has to be unitary, that is its time evolution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Christoph Durr , Miklos Santha

Cellular automata are arrays of finite state machines that can exist in a finite number of states. These machines update their states simultaneously based on specific local rules that govern their interactions. This framework provides a…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2025-08-11 Genaro J. Martinez , Andrew Adamatzky , Guanrong Chen

Local decoders, also known as cellular-automaton decoders, offer a promising path toward real-time quantum error correction by replacing centralized classical decoding, with inherent hardware constraints, by a natively parallel and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-17 Louis Paletta , Anthony Leverrier , Mazyar Mirrahimi , Christophe Vuillot

Quantum cellular automata are important tools in understanding quantum dynamics, thanks to their simple and effective list of rules. Here we investigate explicitly how coherence is built and lost in the evolution of one-dimensional automata…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-09 Federico Centrone , Marco Barbieri , Alessio Serafini

The use of buried dopants to construct quantum-dot cellular automata is investigated as an alternative to conventional electronic devices for information transport and elementary computation. This provides a limit in terms of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jared H. Cole , Andrew D. Greentree , Cameron J. Wellard , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg , Steven Prawer

It is shown that irreversible classical cellular automata can be performed by quantum algorithm using additional ancilla registers. The algorithm for cellular automata states analysis has been proposed. This algorithm is based on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-01-28 B. Pavlyshenko

We propose that a quantum particle in a potential in one space dimension can be described by a probabilistic cellular automaton. While the simple updating rule of the automaton is deterministic, the probabilistic description is introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-01 C. Wetterich

Cellular automata are a set of computational models in discrete space that have a discrete time evolution defined by neighbourhood rules. They are used to simulate many complex systems in physics and science in general. In this work,…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2023-05-12 Luca Bertolani , Andrea Idini

How do cellular automata behave in the limit of a very large number of cells? Is there a continuum limit with simple properties? We attack this problem by mapping certain classes of automata to quantum field theories for which powerful…

Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases · Physics 2022-12-08 C. Wetterich