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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have been popularized as a deep learning framework that can seamlessly synthesize observational data and partial differential equation (PDE) constraints. Their practical effectiveness however can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Sifan Wang , Shyam Sankaran , Hanwen Wang , Paris Perdikaris

Regular physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) predict the solution of partial differential equations using sparse labeled data but only over a single domain. On the other hand, fully supervised learning models are first trained usually…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Ali Kashefi , Leonidas J. Guibas , Tapan Mukerji

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have garnered significant interest for their potential in solving partial differential equations (PDEs) that govern a wide range of physical phenomena. By incorporating physical laws into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Jian Cheng Wong , Isaac Yin Chung Lai , Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Chin Chun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) is an emerging category of neural networks which can be trained to solve supervised learning tasks while taking into consideration given laws of physics described by general nonlinear partial…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Solon Falas , Charalambos Konstantinou , Maria K. Michael

Traditional numerical methods often struggle with the complexity and scale of modeling pollutant transport across vast and dynamic oceanic domains. This paper introduces a Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) framework to simulate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Karishma Battina , Prathamesh Dinesh Joshi , Raj Abhijit Dandekar , Rajat Dandekar , Sreedath Panat

Accurate modeling of closure terms is a critical challenge in engineering and scientific research, particularly when data is sparse (scarse or incomplete), making widely applicable models difficult to develop. This study proposes a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Tian Chen , Shengping Liu , Li Liu , Heng Yong

Learning the full family of solutions to parameterized partial differential equations (PDEs) is a central challenge to our ability to model the behavior of heterogeneous systems, with a variety of fundamental and application-oriented…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Milad Panahi , Giovanni Michele Porta , Monica Riva , Alberto Guadagnini

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) represent a new paradigm for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) by integrating physical laws into the learning process of neural networks. However, ensuring that such frameworks fully…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Nanxi Chen , Sifan Wang , Rujin Ma , Airong Chen , Chuanjie Cui

In this study, we present and validate the predictive capability of the Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) methodology for solving a variety of engineering and biological dynamical systems governed by ordinary differential equations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Tyrus Whitman , Andrew Particka , Christopher Diers , Ian Griffin , Charuka Wickramasinghe , Pradeep Ranaweera

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve partial differential equations using deep learning. However, conventional PINNs perform pointwise predictions that neglect dependencies within a domain, which may result in suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Mayank Nagda , Phil Ostheimer , Thomas Specht , Frank Rhein , Fabian Jirasek , Stephan Mandt , Marius Kloft , Sophie Fellenz

In this paper, we develop a deep learning approach for the accurate solution of challenging problems of near-field microscopy that leverages the powerful framework of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for the inversion of the complex…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-12 Yuyao Chen , Luca Dal Negro

Numerical solutions to the equation for advection are determined using different finite-difference approximations and physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) under conditions that allow an analytical solution. Their accuracy is examined by…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-03-23 Shashank Reddy Vadyala , Sai Nethra Betgeri

We explore the capability of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to discover multiple solutions. Many real-world phenomena governed by nonlinear differential equations (DEs), such as fluid flow, exhibit multiple solutions under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Zongren Zou , Zhicheng Wang , George Em Karniadakis

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are capable of finding the solution for a given boundary value problem. We employ several ideas from the finite element method (FEM) to enhance the performance of existing PINNs in engineering…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Shahed Rezaei , Ali Harandi , Ahmad Moeineddin , Bai-Xiang Xu , Stefanie Reese

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs), owing to their mesh-free nature, offer a powerful approach for solving high-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) in complex geometries, including irregular domains. This capability…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-06 Hanfei Zhou , Lei Shi

Accurately and efficiently solving nonlinear differential equations is crucial for modeling dynamic behavior across science and engineering. Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful solution that embeds physical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Duarte Alexandrino , Ben Moseley , Pavlos Protopapas

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are promising to replace conventional partial differential equation (PDE) solvers by offering more accurate and flexible PDE solutions. However, they are hampered by the relatively slow convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Mohammad H. Taufik , Tariq Alkhalifah

Fluid flows are governed by the nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations, which can manifest multiscale dynamics even from predictable initial conditions. Predicting such phenomena remains a formidable challenge in scientific machine learning,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-04-08 Prashant Kumar , Rajesh Ranjan

Turbulence remains a problem that is yet to be fully understood, with experimental and numerical studies aiming to fully characterise the statistical properties of turbulent flows. Such studies require huge amount of resources to capture,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-05-31 Vijay Kag , Kannabiran Seshasayanan , Venkatesh Gopinath

Numerical modeling errors are unavoidable in finite element analysis. The presence of model errors inherently reflects both model accuracy and uncertainty. To date there have been few methods for explicitly quantifying errors at points of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Bozhou Zhuang , Sashank Rana , Brandon Jones , Danny Smyl