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Despite their impressive capabilities, large language models (LLMs) have been observed to generate responses that include inaccurate or fabricated information, a phenomenon commonly known as ``hallucination''. In this work, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Yue Zhang , Leyang Cui , Wei Bi , Shuming Shi

Image captioning, which generates natural language descriptions of the visual information in an image, is a crucial task in vision-language research. Previous models have typically addressed this task by aligning the generative capabilities…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Qian Cao , Xu Chen , Ruihua Song , Xiting Wang , Xinting Huang , Yuchen Ren

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have achieved substantial progress in cross-modal tasks. However, due to language bias, LVLMs are susceptible to object hallucination, which can be primarily divided into category, attribute, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Tianbo Wang , Yuqing Ma , Kewei Liao , Zhange Zhang , Simin Li , Jinyang Guo , Xianglong Liu

Hallucinations in Speech Large Language Models (SpeechLLMs) pose significant risks, yet existing detection methods typically rely on gold-standard outputs that are costly or impractical to obtain. Moreover, hallucination detection methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Jonas Waldendorf , Bashar Awwad Shiekh Hasan , Evgenii Tsymbalov

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in language understanding. However, when LLMs align their outputs with deceptive and/or misleading prompts, the generated responses could deviate from the de facto…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zixuan Shangguan , Yanjie Dong , Lanjun Wang , Xiaoyi Fan , Victor C. M. Leung , Xiping Hu

Automated audio captioning is a cross-modal translation task that aims to generate natural language descriptions for given audio clips. This task has received increasing attention with the release of freely available datasets in recent…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-28 Xinhao Mei , Xubo Liu , Mark D. Plumbley , Wenwu Wang

Vision-language models (VLMs) often struggle to generate accurate and detailed captions for high-resolution images since they are typically pre-trained on low-resolution inputs (e.g., 224x224 or 336x336 pixels). Downscaling high-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Hankyeol Lee , Gawon Seo , Kyounggyu Lee , Dogun Kim , Kyungwoo Song , Jiyoung Jung

Systems that can associate images with their spoken audio captions are an important step towards visually grounded language learning. We describe a scalable method to automatically generate diverse audio for image captioning datasets. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Gabriel Ilharco , Yuan Zhang , Jason Baldridge

With the emergence of audio-language models, constructing large-scale paired audio-language datasets has become essential yet challenging for model development, primarily due to the time-intensive and labour-heavy demands involved. While…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Jisheng Bai , Haohe Liu , Mou Wang , Dongyuan Shi , Wenwu Wang , Mark D. Plumbley , Woon-Seng Gan , Jianfeng Chen

Audio captioning aims to generate text descriptions from environmental sounds. One challenge of audio captioning is the difficulty of the generalization due to the lack of audio-text paired training data. In this work, we propose a simple…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-05 Minkyu Kim , Kim Sung-Bin , Tae-Hyun Oh

High-quality, large-scale audio captioning is crucial for advancing audio understanding, yet current automated methods often generate captions that lack fine-grained detail and contextual accuracy, primarily due to their reliance on limited…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shunian Chen , Xinyuan Xie , Zheshu Chen , Liyan Zhao , Owen Lee , Zhan Su , Qilin Sun , Benyou Wang

Video captioning is an essential technology to understand scenes and describe events in natural language. To apply it to real-time monitoring, a system needs not only to describe events accurately but also to produce the captions as soon as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-05 Chiori Hori , Takaaki Hori , Jonathan Le Roux

Audio-driven facial reenactment is a crucial technique that has a range of applications in film-making, virtual avatars and video conferences. Existing works either employ explicit intermediate face representations (e.g., 2D facial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Ricong Huang , Peiwen Lai , Yipeng Qin , Guanbin Li

Hallucination detection in captions (HalDec) assesses a vision-language model's ability to correctly align image content with text by identifying errors in captions that misrepresent the image. Beyond evaluation, effective hallucination…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Kuniaki Saito , Risa Shinoda , Shohei Tanaka , Tosho Hirasawa , Fumio Okura , Yoshitaka Ushiku

Hallucination detection in captions (HalDec) assesses a vision-language model's ability to correctly align image content with text by identifying errors in captions that misrepresent the image. Beyond evaluation, effective hallucination…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Kuniaki Saito , Risa Shinoda , Shohei Tanaka , Tosho Hirasawa , Fumio Okura , Yoshitaka Ushiku

Automated audio captioning (AAC) has developed rapidly in recent years, involving acoustic signal processing and natural language processing to generate human-readable sentences for audio clips. The current models are generally based on the…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-10-13 Zhongjie Ye , Helin Wang , Dongchao Yang , Yuexian Zou

Despite their remarkable capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are prone to generate responses that contradict verifiable facts, i.e., unfaithful hallucination content. Existing efforts generally focus on optimizing model parameters or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Dingkang Yang , Dongling Xiao , Jinjie Wei , Mingcheng Li , Zhaoyu Chen , Ke Li , Lihua Zhang

Multimodal language models can exhibit hallucinations in their outputs, which limits their reliability. The ability to automatically detect these errors is important for mitigating them, but has been less explored and existing efforts do…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Spencer Whitehead , Jacob Phillips , Sean Hendryx

Hallucination, the generation of factually incorrect information, remains a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs), especially in open-domain long-form generation. Existing approaches for detecting hallucination in long-form…

The rapidly developing Large Vision Language Models (LVLMs) have shown notable capabilities on a range of multi-modal tasks, but still face the hallucination phenomena where the generated texts do not align with the given contexts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Wenyi Xiao , Ziwei Huang , Leilei Gan , Wanggui He , Haoyuan Li , Zhelun Yu , Fangxun Shu , Hao Jiang , Linchao Zhu