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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is critical for neurodevelopmental research, however access to high-field (HF) systems in low- and middle-income countries is severely hindered by their cost. Ultra-low-field (ULF) systems mitigate such…

Parallel imaging is a commonly used technique to accelerate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data acquisition. Mathematically, parallel MRI reconstruction can be formulated as an inverse problem relating the sparsely sampled k-space…

Despite the effectiveness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image classification, our understanding of the relationship between shape of convolution kernels and learned representations is limited. In this work, we explore and…

In clinical practice, multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with different contrasts is usually acquired in a single study to assess different properties of the same region of interest in the human body. The whole acquisition process…

Deep learning techniques have been successfully used in learning a common representation for multi-view data, wherein the different modalities are projected onto a common subspace. In a broader perspective, the techniques used to…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been recently used for a variety of histology image analysis. However, availability of a large dataset is a major prerequisite for training a CNN which limits its use by the computational pathology…

The segmentation of organs in volumetric medical images plays an important role in computer-aided diagnosis and treatment/surgery planning. Conventional 2D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can hardly exploit the spatial correlation of…

Multimode fibers (MMFs) have the potential to carry complex images for endoscopy and related applications, but decoding the complex speckle patterns produced by mode-mixing and modal dispersion in MMFs is a serious challenge. Several groups…

High-precision medical diagnosis relies not only on static imaging features but also on the implicit diagnostic memory experts instantly invoke during image interpretation. We pinpoint a fundamental cognitive misalignment in medical VLMs…

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) are used extensively in medical image segmentation and hence 3D navigation for robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Surgeries (MISs). However, current DCNNs usually use down sampling layers for…

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is employed as a non-invasive method to monitor functional brain activation by capturing changes in the concentrations of oxygenated haemoglobin (HbO) and deoxygenated haemo-globin (HbR).…

Consistency models have emerged as a promising alternative to diffusion models, offering high-quality generative capabilities through single-step sample generation. However, their application to multi-domain image translation tasks, such as…

Recent work suggests that changing Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture by introducing a bottleneck in the second layer can yield changes in learned function. To understand this relationship fully requires a way of quantitatively…

Automated medical image segmentation is becoming increasingly crucial to modern clinical practice, driven by the growing demand for precise diagnosis, the push towards personalized treatment plans, and the advancements in machine learning…

Medical image segmentation plays a crucial role in assisting healthcare professionals with accurate diagnoses and enabling automated diagnostic processes. Traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs) often struggle with capturing…

Machine learning (ML) tools such as encoder-decoder convolutional neural networks (CNN) can represent incredibly complex nonlinear functions which map between combinations of images and scalars. For example, CNNs can be used to map…

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently been applied to cosmological fields -- weak lensing mass maps and galaxy maps. However, cosmological maps differ in several ways from the vast majority of images that CNNs have been tested…

We develop and evaluate a neural network-based method for Gibbs artifact and noise removal. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was designed for artifact removal in diffusion-weighted imaging data. Two implementations were considered: one…

This study investigates the behavior of Causal Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with quasi-linear activation functions when applied to time-series data characterized by multimodal frequency content. We demonstrate that, once trained,…

We present an approach to learn a dense pixel-wise labeling from image-level tags. Each image-level tag imposes constraints on the output labeling of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classifier. We propose Constrained CNN (CCNN), a…