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Related papers: A Refutation of Shapley Values for Explainability

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As complex machine learning models continue to find applications in high-stakes decision-making scenarios, it is crucial that we can explain and understand their predictions. Post-hoc explanation methods provide useful insights by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-16 Beepul Bharti , Paul Yi , Jeremias Sulam

Feature attribution methods based on game theory are ubiquitous in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI). Recent works proposed rigorous feature attribution using logic-based explanations, specifically targeting high-stakes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Xuanxiang Huang , Olivier Létoffé , Joao Marques-Silva

In clinical prediction settings the importance of a high-dimensional feature like genomics is often assessed by evaluating the change in predictive performance when adding it to a set of traditional clinical variables. This approach is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-06 Mark A. van de Wiel , Jeroen Goedhart , Martin Jullum , Kjersti Aas

In this growing age of data and technology, large black-box models are becoming the norm due to their ability to handle vast amounts of data and learn incredibly complex data patterns. The deficiency of these methods, however, is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Justin Lin , Julia Fukuyama

A central goal of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is to assign relative importance to the features of a Machine Learning (ML) model given some prediction. The importance of this task of explainability by feature attribution is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Olivier Letoffe , Xuanxiang Huang , Nicholas Asher , Joao Marques-Silva

Given a machine learning (ML) model and a prediction, explanations can be defined as sets of features which are sufficient for the prediction. In some applications, and besides asking for an explanation, it is also critical to understand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Xuanxiang Huang , Martin C. Cooper , Antonio Morgado , Jordi Planes , Joao Marques-Silva

Boolean functions are mathematical objects used in diverse applications. Different applications also have different requirements, making the research on Boolean functions very active. In the last 30 years, evolutionary algorithms have been…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Claude Carlet , Marko Ðurasevic , Domagoj Jakobovic , Stjepan Picek , Luca Mariot

In this article, we provide an axiomatic characterization of feature attribution for multi-output predictors within the Shapley framework. While SHAP explanations are routinely computed independently for each output coordinate, the…

We study the most-informative Boolean function conjecture using a differential equation approach. This leads to a formulation of a functional inequality on finite-dimensional random variables. We also develop a similar inequality in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Zijie Chen , Amin Gohari , Chandra Nair

Despite the popularity of Shapley Values in explaining neural text classification models, computing them is prohibitive for large pretrained models due to a large number of model evaluations. In practice, Shapley Values are often estimated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Chenghao Yang , Fan Yin , He He , Kai-Wei Chang , Xiaofei Ma , Bing Xiang

Feature importance estimates that inform users about the degree to which given inputs influence the output of a predictive model are crucial for understanding, validating, and interpreting machine-learning models. However, providing fast…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Patrick Schwab , Walter Karlen

Explainable machine learning methods have been accompanied by substantial development. Despite their success, the existing approaches focus more on the general framework with no prior domain expertise. High-stakes financial sectors have…

Computational Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-08-13 Dangxing Chen , Jingfeng Chen , Weicheng Ye

Attribution-based explanation techniques capture key patterns to enhance visual interpretability; however, these patterns often lack the granularity needed for insight in fine-grained tasks, particularly in cases of model misclassification,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Lintong Zhang , Kang Yin , Seong-Whan Lee

Boolean functions and their representation through logics, circuits, machine learning classifiers, or binary decision diagrams (BDDs) play a central role in the design and analysis of computing systems. Quantifying the relative impact of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Hans Harder , Simon Jantsch , Christel Baier , Clemens Dubslaff

Workflow mining discovers hierarchical process trees from event logs, but it remains unclear why such models satisfy or violate logical properties, or how individual elements contribute to overall behavior. We propose to translate mined…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Radoslaw Klimek , Jakub Blazowski

Recently, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) has been widely utilized in various research domains. This is particularly evident in application fields, where SHAP analysis serves as a crucial tool for identifying biomarkers and assisting…

Computation · Statistics 2026-02-02 Kyungjin Kim , Youngro Lee , Jongmo Seo

Reinforcement learning has achieved remarkable success in complex decision-making environments, yet its lack of transparency limits its deployment in practice, especially in safety-critical settings. Shapley values from cooperative game…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Daniel Beechey , Özgür Şimşek

With water quality management processes, identifying and interpreting relationships between features, such as location and weather variable tuples, and water quality variables, such as levels of bacteria, is key to gaining insights and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Conor Muldoon , Levent Görgü , John J. O'Sullivan , Wim G. Meijer , Gregory M. P. O'Hare

For around a decade, non-symbolic methods have been the option of choice when explaining complex machine learning (ML) models. Unfortunately, such methods lack rigor and can mislead human decision-makers. In high-stakes uses of ML, the lack…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Olivier Létoffé , Xuanxiang Huang , Joao Marques-Silva

Recently, Deshpande et al. introduced a new measure of the complexity of a Boolean function. We call this measure the "goal value" of the function. The goal value of $f$ is defined in terms of a monotone, submodular utility function…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2017-09-28 Eric Bach , Jeremie Dusart , Lisa Hellerstein , Devorah Kletenik