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Neural networks play an increasingly important role in the field of machine learning and are included in many applications in society. Unfortunately, neural networks suffer from adversarial samples generated to attack them. However, most of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Xiaolei Liu , Yuheng Luo , Xiaosong Zhang , Qingxin Zhu

We present evidence for the existence and effectiveness of adversarial attacks on graph neural networks (GNNs) that aim to degrade fairness. These attacks can disadvantage a particular subgroup of nodes in GNN-based node classification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Hussain Hussain , Meng Cao , Sandipan Sikdar , Denis Helic , Elisabeth Lex , Markus Strohmaier , Roman Kern

Despite the success of graph neural networks (GNNs) in various domains, they exhibit susceptibility to adversarial attacks. Understanding these vulnerabilities is crucial for developing robust and secure applications. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Dibaloke Chanda , Saba Heidari Gheshlaghi , Nasim Yahya Soltani

With the prevalence of social media, the connectedness between people has been greatly enhanced. Real-world relations between users on social media are often not limited to expressing positive ties such as friendship, trust, and agreement,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Zeyu Zhang , Peiyao Zhao , Xin Li , Jiamou Liu , Xinrui Zhang , Junjie Huang , Xiaofeng Zhu

Many data mining tasks rely on graphs to model relational structures among individuals (nodes). Since relational data are often sensitive, there is an urgent need to evaluate the privacy risks in graph data. One famous privacy attack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Zaixi Zhang , Qi Liu , Zhenya Huang , Hao Wang , Chee-Kong Lee , Enhong Chen

Signed graphs with positive and negative edges can model complex relationships in social networks. Leveraging on balance theory that deduces edge signs from multi-hop node pairs, signed graph learning can generate node embeddings that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Haobin Ke , Sen Zhang , Qingqing Ye , Xun Ran , Haibo Hu

Signed graphs are graphs with signed edges. They are commonly used to represent positive and negative relationships in social networks. While balance theory and clusterizable graphs deal with signed graphs to represent social interactions,…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-05-21 Anne-Marie Kermarrec , Christopher Thraves

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have demonstrated excellent performance on various tasks, however they are under the risk of adversarial examples that can be easily generated when the target model is accessible to an attacker (white-box…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Yang Bai , Yuyuan Zeng , Yong Jiang , Yisen Wang , Shu-Tao Xia , Weiwei Guo

Link prediction, inferring the undiscovered or potential links of the graph, is widely applied in the real-world. By facilitating labeled links of the graph as the training data, numerous deep learning based link prediction methods have…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Haibin Zheng , Haiyang Xiong , Haonan Ma , Guohan Huang , Jinyin Chen

Hypergraph neural networks (HGNN) have shown superior performance in various deep learning tasks, leveraging the high-order representation ability to formulate complex correlations among data by connecting two or more nodes through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Chao Hu , Ruishi Yu , Binqi Zeng , Yu Zhan , Ying Fu , Quan Zhang , Rongkai Liu , Heyuan Shi

An important measure of signed graphs is the line index of balance which has several applications in many fields. However, this graph-theoretic measure was underused for decades because of the inherent complexity in its computation which is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Samin Aref , Andrew J. Mason , Mark C. Wilson

Imbalanced classification on graphs is ubiquitous yet challenging in many real-world applications, such as fraudulent node detection. Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown promising performance on many network analysis tasks.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Liang Qu , Huaisheng Zhu , Ruiqi Zheng , Yuhui Shi , Hongzhi Yin

Machine learning (ML) models, e.g., deep neural networks (DNNs), are vulnerable to adversarial examples: malicious inputs modified to yield erroneous model outputs, while appearing unmodified to human observers. Potential attacks include…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Nicolas Papernot , Patrick McDaniel , Ian Goodfellow , Somesh Jha , Z. Berkay Celik , Ananthram Swami

Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries implant malicious triggers to manipulate model predictions. Existing trigger generators are often simplistic in structure and overly reliant on specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dongyi Liu , Jiangtong Li

The rise of bot accounts on social media poses significant risks to public discourse. To address this threat, modern bot detectors increasingly rely on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs). However, the effectiveness of these GNN-based detectors in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Kunal Mukherjee , Zulfikar Alom , Tran Gia Bao Ngo , Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora , Murat Kantarcioglu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have shown broad applicability in a variety of domains. These domains, e.g., social networks and product recommendations, are fertile ground for malicious users and behavior. In this paper, we show that GNNs are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-30 Ben Finkelshtein , Chaim Baskin , Evgenii Zheltonozhskii , Uri Alon

Community detection, discovering the underlying communities within a network from observed connections, is a fundamental problem in network analysis, yet it remains underexplored for signed networks. In signed networks, both edge connection…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-17 Yichao Chen , Weijing Tang , Ji Zhu

On signed social networks, balanced and unbalanced triangles are a critical motif due to their role as the foundations of Structural Balance Theory. The uses for these motifs have been extensively explored in networks with known edge signs,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Alexander Zhou , Haoyang Li , Anxin Tian , Zhiyuan Li , Yue Wang

Backdoor attacks represent a serious threat to neural network models. A backdoored model will misclassify the trigger-embedded inputs into an attacker-chosen target label while performing normally on other benign inputs. There are already…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Jing Xu , Minhui , Xue , Stjepan Picek

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved tremendous success in the task of graph classification and its diverse downstream real-world applications. Despite the huge success in learning graph representations, current GNN models have…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Xin Wang , Heng Chang , Beini Xie , Tian Bian , Shiji Zhou , Daixin Wang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Wenwu Zhu