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Quantum fluctuations plays an essential role in forming the collective flow of hadrons observed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Event-by-event fluctuations of the collective flow can arise from various sources, such as the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-07-09 Xinrong Chen , Xiang-Yu Wu , Shanshan Cao , Guang-You Qin

Measurements of charged dihadron angular correlations are presented in proton-proton (pp) and Lead-Lead (PbPb) collisions, over a broad range of pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle, using the CMS detector at the LHC. In very high…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2015-05-28 Wei Li

Correlations of two flow harmonics $v_n$ and $v_m$ via three- and four-particle cumulants are measured in 13 TeV $pp$, 5.02 TeV $p$+Pb, and 2.76 TeV peripheral Pb+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The goal is to understand…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2019-01-14 ATLAS Collaboration

Fluctuations may govern the fate of an interacting particle system even on the mean-field level. This is demonstrated via a three species cyclic trapping reaction with a large, yet finite number of particles, where the final number of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Ben-Naim , P. L. Krapivsky

Fluctuations in nuclear collisions can be measured as a function of momentum-space binning scale over a scale interval bounded by detector two-track resolution and acceptance. Fluctuation scale dependence is related to two-particle…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-10 T. A. Trainor , R. J. Porter , D. J. Prindle

We calculate the electromagnetic fields generated in small systems by using a multiphase transport (AMPT) model. Compared to $A+A$ collisions, we find that the absolute electric and magnetic fields are not small in $p$+Au and $d$+Au…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-02-22 Xin-Li Zhao , Yu-Gang Ma , Guo-Liang Ma

Much of interesting complex biological behaviour arises from collective properties. Important information about collective behaviour lies in the time and space structure of fluctuations around average properties, and two-point correlation…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2022-02-17 Tomás S. Grigera

Many simulations of relativistic heavy ion collisions involve the switching from relativistic hydrodynamics to kinetic particle transport. This switching entails the sampling of particles from the distribution of energy, momentum and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-16 Dmytro Oliinychenko , Shuzhe Shi , Volker Koch

The discovery of QGP phenomena in small collision systems like pp and p-Pb collisions have challenged the basic paradigms of heavy-ion and high-energy physics. These proceedings give a brief overview of the key findings and their…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2020-01-10 Jan Fiete Grosse-Oetringhaus

Event-by-event multiplicity fluctuations in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied within the relativistic transport models: EPOS, PHSD, and UrQMD. As measures of particle number fluctuations we consider the scaled variances $\omega[X]$ for…

We present calculations of bulk properties and multiparticle correlations in a large variety of collision systems within a hybrid formalism consisting of IP-Glasma initial conditions, MUSIC viscous relativistic hydrodynamics, and UrQMD…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2020-10-21 Bjoern Schenke , Chun Shen , Prithwish Tribedy

The event-by-event p_T-fluctuations in proton-proton and central Pb-Pb collisions, which have been experimentally studied by means of the so-called Phi-measure, are analyzed. The contribution due to the correlation which couples the average…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-04-15 Robert Korus , Stanislaw Mrowczynski

It is well understood that subnuclear fluctuations in the initial state of heavy-ion collisions have an important impact on the creation of long-range correlations in the transverse plane. This is also true for the creation of particle…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-10-23 Oscar Garcia-Montero , Sören Schlichting , Jie Zhu

A formula to calculate the quantum fluctuations of energy in small subsystems of a hot and relativistic gas is derived. We find an increase in fluctuations for subsystems of small sizes, but we agrees with the energy fluctuations in the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2021-10-08 Rajeev Singh

In order to compare theoretical calculations of thermal fluctuations of conserved quantities, such as charge susceptibilities or the specific heat, to experimentally measured correlations and fluctuations in heavy ion collisions, one must…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-05-31 Scott Pratt , Clint Young

The field of heavy ion physics is at a crossroads in understanding experimental signatures of collectivity in small collision systems, p + p and p(d/3He) + A, at RHIC and the LHC. A wealth of data obtained in the latter class of asymmetric…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-02-20 J. L. Nagle , J. Orjuela Koop

We constrain proton structure fluctuations at small-$x$ by comparing with the HERA diffractive vector meson production data, and find that large geometric fluctuations in the proton wave function are needed. Hydrodynamical simulations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-09-27 Heikki Mäntysaari , Björn Schenke , Chun Shen , Prithwish Tribedy

Fluctuations in the statistical model of heavy ion collisions are studied. The role of statistics, relativity, constraints, decaying resonances and branching processes are investigated using this model. Also studied are thermodynamic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2009-11-10 Aram Z. Mekjian

We present a study of the average transverse momentum ($p_t$) fluctuations and $p_t$ correlations for charged particles produced in Cu+Cu collisions at midrapidity for $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 62.4 and 200 GeV. These results are compared with…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2013-08-12 STAR Collaboration , L. Adamczyk , J. K. Adkins , G. Agakishiev , M. M. Aggarwal , Z. Ahammed , I. Alekseev , J. Alford , C. D. Anson , A. Aparin , D. Arkhipkin , E. Aschenauer , G. S. Averichev , J. Balewski , A. Banerjee , Z. Barnovska , D. R. Beavis , R. Bellwied , M. J. Betancourt , R. R. Betts , A. Bhasin , A. K. Bhati , Bhattarai , H. Bichsel , J. Bielcik , J. Bielcikova , L. C. Bland , I. G. Bordyuzhin , W. Borowski , J. Bouchet , A. V. Brandin , S. G. Brovko , E. Bruna , S. Bültmann , I. Bunzarov , T. P. Burton , J. Butterworth , H. Caines , M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , D. Cebra , R. Cendejas , M. C. Cervantes , P. Chaloupka , Z. Chang , S. Chattopadhyay , H. F. Chen , J. H. Chen , J. Y. Chen , L. Chen , J. Cheng , M. Cherney , A. Chikanian , W. Christie , P. Chung , J. Chwastowski , M. J. M. Codrington , R. Corliss , J. G. Cramer , H. J. Crawford , X. Cui , S. Das , A. Davila Leyva , L. C. De Silva , R. R. Debbe , T. G. Dedovich , J. Deng , R. Derradi de Souza , S. Dhamija , B. di Ruzza , L. Didenko , Dilks , F. Ding , A. Dion , P. Djawotho , X. Dong , J. L. Drachenberg , J. E. Draper , C. M. Du , L. E. Dunkelberger , J. C. Dunlop , L. G. Efimov , M. Elnimr , J. Engelage , K. S. Engle , G. Eppley , L. Eun , O. Evdokimov , R. Fatemi , S. Fazio , J. Fedorisin , R. G. Fersch , P. Filip , E. Finch , Y. Fisyak , C. E. Flores , C. A. Gagliardi , D. R. Gangadharan , D. Garand , F. Geurts , A. Gibson , S. Gliske , O. G. Grebenyuk , D. Grosnick , Y. Guo , A. Gupta , S. Gupta , W. Guryn , B. Haag , O. Hajkova , A. Hamed , L-X. Han , R. Haque , J. W. Harris , J. P. Hays-Wehle , S. Heppelmann , A. Hirsch , G. W. Hoffmann , D. J. Hofman , S. Horvat , B. Huang , H. Z. Huang , P. Huck , T. J. Humanic , G. Igo , W. W. Jacobs , C. Jena , E. G. Judd , S. Kabana , K. Kang , K. Kauder , H. W. Ke , D. Keane , A. Kechechyan , A. Kesich , D. P. Kikola , J. Kiryluk , I. Kisel , A. Kisiel , D. D. Koetke , T. Kollegger , J. Konzer , I. Koralt , W. Korsch , L. Kotchenda , P. Kravtsov , K. Krueger , I. Kulakov , L. Kumar , R. A. Kycia , M. A. C. Lamont , J. M. Landgraf , K. D. Landry , S. LaPointe , J. Lauret , A. Lebedev , R. Lednicky , J. H. Lee , W. Leight , M. J. LeVine , C. Li , W. Li , X. Li , X. Li , Y. Li , Z. M. Li , L. M. Lima , M. A. Lisa , F. Liu , T. Ljubicic , W. J. Llope , R. S. Longacre , X. Luo , G. L. Ma , Y. G. Ma , D. M. M. D. Madagodagettige Don , D. P. Mahapatra , R. Majka , S. Margetis , C. Markert , H. Masui , H. S. Matis , D. McDonald , T. S. McShane , S. Mioduszewski , M. K. Mitrovski , Y. Mohammed , B. Mohanty , M. M. Mondal , M. G. Munhoz , M. K. Mustafa , M. Naglis , B. K. Nandi , Md. Nasim , T. K. Nayak , J. M. Nelson , L. V. Nogach , J. Novak , G. Odyniec , A. Ogawa , K. Oh , A. Ohlson , V. Okorokov , E. W. Oldag , R. A. N. Oliveira , D. Olson , M. Pachr , B. S. Page , S. K. Pal , Y. X. Pan , Y. Pandit , Y. Panebratsev , T. Pawlak , B. Pawlik , H. Pei , C. Perkins , W. Peryt , P. Pile , M. Planinic , J. Pluta , D. Plyku , N. Poljak , J. Porter , A. M. Poskanzer , C. B. Powell , C. Pruneau , N. K. Pruthi , M. Przybycien , P. R. Pujahari , J. Putschke , H. Qiu , S. Ramachandran , R. Raniwala , S. Raniwala , R. L. Ray , C. K. Riley , H. G. Ritter , J. B. Roberts , O. V. Rogachevskiy , J. L. Romero , J. F. Ross , A. Roy , L. Ruan , J. Rusnak , N. R. Sahoo , P. K. Sahu , I. Sakrejda , S. Salur , A. Sandacz , J. Sandweiss , E. Sangaline , A. Sarkar , J. Schambach , R. P. Scharenberg , A. M. Schmah , B. Schmidke , N. Schmitz , T. R. Schuster , J. Seger , P. Seyboth , N. Shah , E. Shahaliev , M. Shao , B. Sharma , M. Sharma , W. Q. Shen , S. S. Shi , Q. Y. Shou , E. P. Sichtermann , R. N. Singaraju , M. J. Skoby , D. Smirnov , N. Smirnov , D. Solanki , P. Sorensen , U. G. deSouza , H. M. Spinka , B. Srivastava , T. D. S. Stanislaus , J. R. Stevens , R. Stock , M. Strikhanov , B. Stringfellow , A. A. P. Suaide , M. C. Suarez , M. Sumbera , X. M. Sun , Y. Sun , Z. Sun , B. Surrow , D. N. Svirida , T. J. M. Symons , A. Szanto de Toledo , J. Takahashi , A. H. Tang , Z. Tang , L. H. Tarini , T. Tarnowsky , J. H. Thomas , A. R. Timmins , D. Tlusty , M. Tokarev , S. Trentalange , R. E. Tribble , P. Tribedy , B. A. Trzeciak , O. D. Tsai , J. Turnau , T. Ullrich , D. G. Underwood , G. Van Buren , G. van Nieuwenhuizen , J. A. Vanfossen, , R. Varma , G. M. S. Vasconcelos , R. Vertesi , F. Videbæk , Y. P. Viyogi , S. Vokal , S. A. Voloshin , A. Vossen , M. Wada , M. Walker , F. Wang , G. Wang , H. Wang , J. S. Wang , Q. Wang , X. L. Wang , Y. Wang , G. Webb , J. C. Webb , G. D. Westfall , H. Wieman , S. W. Wissink , R. Witt , Y. F. Wu , Z. Xiao , W. Xie , K. Xin , H. Xu , N. Xu , Q. H. Xu , W. Xu , Y. Xu , Z. Xu , Yan , C. Yang , Y. Yang , Y. Yang , P. Yepes , L. Yi , K. Yip , I-K. Yoo , Y. Zawisza , H. Zbroszczyk , W. Zha , J. B. Zhang , S. Zhang , X. P. Zhang , Y. Zhang , Z. P. Zhang , F. Zhao , J. Zhao , C. Zhong , X. Zhu , Y. H. Zhu , Y. Zoulkarneeva , M. Zyzak

We investigate simultaneous effects of finite system size and global charge conservation on thermal fluctuations in the vicinity of a critical point. For that we consider a finite interacting system which exchanges particles with a finite…

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