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The enormous amount of data being generated on the web and social media has increased the demand for detecting online hate speech. Detecting hate speech will reduce their negative impact and influence on others. A lot of effort in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Hind Saleh , Areej Alhothali , Kawthar Moria

Pre-trained language models have been successful on text classification tasks, but are prone to learning spurious correlations from biased datasets, and are thus vulnerable when making inferences in a new domain. Prior work reveals such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Huihan Yao , Ying Chen , Qinyuan Ye , Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren

In a hate speech detection model, we should consider two critical aspects in addition to detection performance-bias and explainability. Hate speech cannot be identified based solely on the presence of specific words: the model should be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-02 Jiyun Kim , Byounghan Lee , Kyung-Ah Sohn

The massive spread of hate speech, hateful content targeted at specific subpopulations, is a problem of critical social importance. Automated methods of hate speech detection typically employ state-of-the-art deep learning (DL)-based text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

In the digital age, hate speech poses a threat to the functioning of social media platforms as spaces for public discourse. Top-down approaches to moderate hate speech encounter difficulties due to conflicts with freedom of expression and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Jana Lasser , Alina Herderich , Joshua Garland , Segun Taofeek Aroyehun , David Garcia , Mirta Galesic

Personalized retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) aims to produce user-tailored responses by incorporating retrieved user profiles alongside the input query. Existing methods primarily focus on improving retrieval and rely on large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Kepu Zhang , Teng Shi , Weijie Yu , Jun Xu

Fine-tuning pre-trained cross-lingual language models can transfer task-specific supervision from one language to the others. In this work, we propose to improve cross-lingual fine-tuning with consistency regularization. Specifically, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-16 Bo Zheng , Li Dong , Shaohan Huang , Wenhui Wang , Zewen Chi , Saksham Singhal , Wanxiang Che , Ting Liu , Xia Song , Furu Wei

Health misinformation spreading online poses a significant threat to public health. Researchers have explored methods for automatically generating counterspeech to health misinformation as a mitigation strategy. Existing approaches often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Xiaoying Song , Anirban Saha Anik , Dibakar Barua , Pengcheng Luo , Junhua Ding , Lingzi Hong

Studies on online hate speech have mostly focused on the automated detection of harmful messages. Little attention has been devoted so far to the development of effective strategies to fight hate speech, in particular through the creation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yi-Ling Chung , Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Sara Tonelli , Marco Guerini

In this paper, we explore the feasibility of leveraging large language models (LLMs) to automate or otherwise assist human raters with identifying harmful content including hate speech, harassment, violent extremism, and election…

With the recent surge and exponential growth of social media usage, scrutinizing social media content for the presence of any hateful content is of utmost importance. Researchers have been diligently working since the past decade on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Atanu Mandal , Gargi Roy , Amit Barman , Indranil Dutta , Sudip Kumar Naskar

Ensuring that online discussions are civil and productive is a major challenge for social media platforms. Such platforms usually rely both on users and on automated detection tools to flag inappropriate arguments of other users, which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Timon Ziegenbein , Gabriella Skitalinskaya , Alireza Bayat Makou , Henning Wachsmuth

Detecting hate speech in non-direct forms, such as irony, sarcasm, and innuendos, remains a persistent challenge for social networks. Although sarcasm and hate speech are regarded as distinct expressions, our work explores whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Angelly Cabrera , Linus Lei , Antonio Ortega

Numerous studies have proposed computational methods to detect hate speech online, yet most focus on the English language and emphasize model development. In this study, we evaluate the counterfactual fairness of hate speech detection…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Julie Bauer , Rishabh Kaushal , Thales Bertaglia , Adriana Iamnitchi

The recent emergence of machine-learning based generative models for speech suggests a significant reduction in bit rate for speech codecs is possible. However, the performance of generative models deteriorates significantly with the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-22 W. Bastiaan Kleijn , Andrew Storus , Michael Chinen , Tom Denton , Felicia S. C. Lim , Alejandro Luebs , Jan Skoglund , Hengchin Yeh

The rapid growth of social media in recent years has fed into some highly undesirable phenomena such as proliferation of abusive and offensive language on the Internet. Previous research suggests that such hateful content tends to come from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-02-19 Pushkar Mishra , Marco Del Tredici , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have demonstrated their effectiveness for a broad range of information retrieval and natural language processing tasks. As the core part of PLM, multi-head self-attention is appealing for its ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Shanshan Wang , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Huasheng Liang , Qiang Yan , Pengjie Ren

With the spread of social networks and their unfortunate use for hate speech, automatic detection of the latter has become a pressing problem. In this paper, we reproduce seven state-of-the-art hate speech detection models from prior work,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Tommi Gröndahl , Luca Pajola , Mika Juuti , Mauro Conti , N. Asokan

Utilizing large language models (LLMs) for data augmentation has yielded encouraging results in mathematical reasoning. However, these approaches face constraints in problem diversity, potentially restricting them to in-domain/distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nuo Chen , Ning Wu , Jianhui Chang , Jia Li

Attention mechanism is contributing to the majority of recent advances in machine learning for natural language processing. Additionally, it results in an attention map that shows the proportional influence of each input in its decision.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Duc Hau Nguyen , Cyrielle Mallart , Guillaume Gravier , Pascale Sébillot
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