English
Related papers

Related papers: Beyond the classical type I error: Bayesian metric…

200 papers

Bayesian methods are increasingly applied in these days in the theory and practice of statistics. Any Bayesian inference depends on a likelihood and a prior. Ideally one would like to elicit a prior from related sources of information or…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-08-11 Malay Ghosh

The conventional approach to Bayesian decision-theoretic experiment design involves searching over possible experiments to select a design that maximizes the expected value of a specified utility function. The expectation is over the joint…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-18 Tommie A. Catanach , Niladri Das

External pilot trials of complex interventions are used to help determine if and how a confirmatory trial should be undertaken, providing estimates of parameters such as recruitment, retention and adherence rates. The decision to progress…

Deep learning is renowned for its theory-practice gap, whereby principled theory typically fails to provide much beneficial guidance for implementation in practice. This has been highlighted recently by the benign overfitting phenomenon:…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-11-14 Liam Hodgkinson , Chris van der Heide , Robert Salomone , Fred Roosta , Michael W. Mahoney

In this paper we investigate the existence of a separation principle between model identification and control design in the context of model predictive control. First, we clarify that such a separation principle holds asymptotically in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-24 Giacomo Baggio , Ruggero Carli , Riccardo Alessandro Grimaldi , Gianluigi Pillonetto

Forecasting techniques for assessing the power of future experiments to discriminate between theories or discover new laws of nature are of great interest in many areas of science. In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian forecasting method…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-09-24 Mohammad Hossein Namjoo

Recent decades have seen an interest in prediction problems for which Bayesian methodology has been used ubiquitously. Sampling from or approximating the posterior predictive distribution in a Bayesian model allows one to make inferential…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-09-12 Giri Gopalan

Modern data is messy and high-dimensional, and it is often not clear a priori what are the right questions to ask. Instead, the analyst typically needs to use the data to search for interesting analyses to perform and hypotheses to test.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-09 Daniel Russo , James Zou

Bayesian inference provides a powerful tool for leveraging observational data to inform model predictions and uncertainties. However, when such data is limited, Bayesian inference may not adequately constrain uncertainty without the use of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-26 Rebekah D. White , John D. Jakeman , Tim Wildey , Troy Butler

The common practice in difference-in-difference (DiD) designs is to check for parallel trends prior to treatment assignment, yet typical estimation and inference does not account for the fact that this test has occurred. I analyze the…

Econometrics · Economics 2018-05-03 Jonathan Roth

It is well understood that Bayesian decision theory and average case analysis are essentially identical. However, if one is interested in performing uncertainty quantification for a numerical task, it can be argued that standard approaches…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-16 Chris. J. Oates , Jon Cockayne , Dennis Prangle , T. J. Sullivan , Mark Girolami

Experimental design is crucial for inference where limitations in the data collection procedure are present due to cost or other restrictions. Optimal experimental designs determine parameters that in some appropriate sense make the data…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-03-11 Panagiotis Tsilifis , Roger G. Ghanem , Paris Hajali

In recent years, real-world external controls have grown in popularity as a tool to empower randomized placebo-controlled trials, particularly in rare diseases or cases where balanced randomization is unethical or impractical. However, as…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-11-14 Chenyin Gao , Shu Yang , Mingyang Shan , Wenyu Ye , Ilya Lipkovich , Douglas Faries

Bayesian adaptive experimental design is a form of active learning, which chooses samples to maximize the information they give about uncertain parameters. Prior work has shown that other forms of active learning can suffer from active…

The widely applicable information criterion (WAIC) has been used as a model selection criterion for Bayesian statistics in recent years. It is an asymptotically unbiased estimator of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between a Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-09 Yoshiyuki Ninomiya

Studies accumulate over time and meta-analyses are mainly retrospective. These two characteristics introduce dependencies between the analysis time, at which a series of studies is up for meta-analysis, and results within the series.…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-21 Judith ter Schure , Peter D. Grünwald

Hybrid randomized controlled trials (hybrid RCTs) integrate external control data, such as historical or concurrent data, with data from randomized trials. While numerous frequentist and Bayesian methods, such as the test-then-pool and…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-07 Han Chang Chiam , Franz König , Martin Posch

In a meta-analysis, it is important to specify a model that adequately describes the effect-size distribution of the underlying population of studies. The conventional normal fixed-effect and normal random-effects models assume a normal…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-10-21 George Karabatsos , Elizabeth Talbott , Stephen G. Walker

Throughout the different phases of a drug development program, randomized trials are used to establish the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of a candidate drug. At each stage one aims to optimize the design of future studies by…

Applications · Statistics 2021-02-08 Sebastian Weber , Andrew Gelman , Daniel Lee , Michael Betancourt , Aki Vehtari , Amy Racine

Measurement error can often be harmful when estimating causal effects. Two scenarios in which this is the case are in the estimation of (a) the average treatment effect when confounders are measured with error and (b) the natural indirect…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-06-04 Caleb H. Miles , Linda Valeri , Brent Coull