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This dissertation is a contribution to the project of second-order set theory, which has seen a revival in recent years. The approach is to understand second-order set theory by studying the structure of models of second-order set theories.…

Logic · Mathematics 2018-04-26 Kameryn J Williams

We prove a version of Shelah's Categoricity Conjecture for arbitrary deconstructible classes of modules. Moreover, we show that if $\mathcal{A}$ is a deconstructible class of modules that fits in an abstract elementary class…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2024-10-01 Jan Šaroch , Jan Trlifaj

We give a self-contained introduction to accessible categories and how they shed light on both model- and set-theoretic questions. We survey for example recent developments on the study of presentability ranks, a notion of cardinality…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2020-01-08 Sebastien Vasey

Model theoretic internality provides conditions under which the group of automorphisms of a model over a reduct is itself a definable group. In this paper we formulate a categorical analogue of the condition of internality, and prove an…

Logic · Mathematics 2010-12-16 Moshe Kamensky

Deformations of conventional solids are described via elasticity, a classical field theory whose form is constrained by translational and rotational symmetries. However, flexible metamaterials often contain an additional approximate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-02-02 Michael Czajkowski , Corentin Coulais , Martin van Hecke , D. Zeb Rocklin

It is argued that the occurrence of disproportionately ("un-natural") large (or small) numbers, as well as deep cancellations, are comparatively natural traits of the way Nature is geared to operate in most complex systems. The idea is…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2018-12-07 Sauro Succi

We give category-theoretic reformulations of stability, NIP, NTP, and non-dividing by observing that their characterisations in terms of indiscernible sequences are naturally expressed as Quillen lifting properties %(negation) of certain…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-10-20 Misha Gavrilovich

Within the decoherence theory we investigate the physical background of the condition of the separability (diagonalizability in noncorrelated basis) of the interaction Hamiltonian of the composite system, "system plus environment". It…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Dugic

A natural framework for real-time specification is monadic first-order logic over the structure $(\mathbb{R},<,+1)$---the ordered real line with unary $+1$ function. Our main result is that $(\mathbb{R},<,+1)$ has the 3-variable property:…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-01-27 Timos Antonopoulos , Paul Hunter , Shahab Raza , James Worrell

The P versus NP problem is addressed in a context of provability and limitations on the possibility of finding sound axioms for formal theories. It is shown that if the term "constructible theory" is defined in a way which satisfies certain…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Arne Hole

We consider the fragment F of first order arithmetic in which quantification is restricted to ''for all but finitely many.'' We show that the integers form an F-elementary substructure of the real numbers. Consequently, the F-theory of…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David Marker , Theodore A. Slaman

We show that every sheaf on the site of smooth manifolds with values in a stable (infinity,1)-category (like spectra or chain complexes) gives rise to a differential cohomology diagram and a homotopy formula, which are common features of…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2013-11-15 Ulrich Bunke , Thomas Nikolaus , Michael Völkl

The monadic second-order theory of trees allows quantification over elements and over arbitrary subsets. We classify the class of trees with respect to the question: does a tree T have a definable choice function (by a monadic formula with…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Shmuel Lifsches , Saharon Shelah

Theoretical physicists describe nature by i) building a theory model and ii) determining the model parameters. The latter step involves the dual aspect of both fitting to the existing experimental data and satisfying abstract criteria like…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-01-23 Konstantin T. Matchev , Katia Matcheva , Pierre Ramond , Sarunas Verner

Although there is a somewhat standard formalization of computability on countable sets given by Turing machines, the same cannot be said about uncountable sets. Among the approaches to define computability in these sets, order-theoretic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Pedro Hack , Daniel A. Braun , Sebastian Gottwald

We give a description of the category of ordinary K3 surfaces over a finite field in terms of linear algebra data over Z. This gives an analogue for K3 surfaces of Deligne's description of the category of ordinary abelian varieties over a…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Lenny Taelman

We identify a canonical structure J associated to any first-order theory, the {\it space of definability patterns}. It generalizes the imaginary algebraic closure in a stable theory, and the hyperimaginary bounded closure in simple…

Logic · Mathematics 2022-01-12 Ehud Hrushovski

Orthogonality in model theory captures the idea of absence of non-trivial interactions between definable sets. We introduce a somewhat opposite notion of cohesiveness, capturing the idea of interaction among all parts of a given definable…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Alessandro Berarducci , Pantelis E. Eleftheriou , Marcello Mamino

Uncertainty estimation in machine learning has traditionally focused on the prediction stage, aiming to quantify confidence in model outputs while treating learned representations as deterministic and reliable by default. In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-20 Yiyao Yang

Dependently typed proof assistant rely crucially on definitional equality, which relates types and terms that are automatically identified in the underlying type theory. This paper extends type theory with definitional functor laws,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Théo Laurent , Meven Lennon-Bertrand , Kenji Maillard