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Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel in vision-language tasks but remain vulnerable to visual adversarial perturbations that can induce hallucinations, manipulate responses, or bypass safety mechanisms. Existing methods seek to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Hashmat Shadab Malik , Fahad Shamshad , Muzammal Naseer , Karthik Nandakumar , Fahad Khan , Salman Khan

Image captioning evaluation remains a significant challenge, as vision-language models evolve toward more challenging capabilities such as generating long-form and context-rich descriptions. State-of-the-art evaluation metrics involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gonçalo Gomes , Bruno Martins , Chrysoula Zerva

CLIP has shown impressive results in aligning images and texts at scale. However, its ability to capture detailed visual features remains limited because CLIP matches images and texts at a global level. To address this issue, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Rui Xiao , Sanghwan Kim , Mariana-Iuliana Georgescu , Zeynep Akata , Stephan Alaniz

The ability to quickly learn from a small quantity oftraining data widens the range of machine learning applications. In this paper, we propose a data-efficient image captioning model, VisualGPT, which leverages the linguistic knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Jun Chen , Han Guo , Kai Yi , Boyang Li , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Vision language models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in visual question answering and image captioning, acting as a crucial link between visual and language models. However, existing open-source VLMs heavily rely on pretrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Aristeidis Panos , Rahaf Aljundi , Daniel Olmeda Reino , Richard E Turner

In this work, we present an unsupervised method for enhancing an image captioning model (in our case, BLIP2) using reinforcement learning and vision-language models like CLIP and BLIP2-ITM as reward models. The RL-tuned model is able to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Maksim Dzabraev , Alexander Kunitsyn , Andrei Ivaniuta

We present MM1.5, a new family of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) designed to enhance capabilities in text-rich image understanding, visual referring and grounding, and multi-image reasoning. Building upon the MM1 architecture,…

This paper presents a unified Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) model. The model is unified in that (1) it can be fine-tuned for either vision-language generation (e.g., image captioning) or understanding (e.g., visual question answering)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Luowei Zhou , Hamid Palangi , Lei Zhang , Houdong Hu , Jason J. Corso , Jianfeng Gao

Describing images with text is a fundamental problem in vision-language research. Current studies in this domain mostly focus on single image captioning. However, in various real applications (e.g., image editing, difference interpretation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Hao Tan , Franck Dernoncourt , Zhe Lin , Trung Bui , Mohit Bansal

How well do text-only large language models (LLMs) align with the visual world? We present a systematic evaluation of this question by incorporating frozen representations of various language models into a discriminative vision-language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Jona Ruthardt , Gertjan J. Burghouts , Serge Belongie , Yuki M. Asano

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has demonstrated impressive capabilities in open-vocabulary classification. The class token in the image encoder is trained to capture the global features to distinguish different text…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Yuqi Lin , Minghao Chen , Kaipeng Zhang , Hengjia Li , Mingming Li , Zheng Yang , Dongqin Lv , Binbin Lin , Haifeng Liu , Deng Cai

The advent of vision-language pre-training techniques enhanced substantial progress in the development of models for image captioning. However, these models frequently produce generic captions and may omit semantically important image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Noam Rotstein , David Bensaid , Shaked Brody , Roy Ganz , Ron Kimmel

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) is widely used to train models to align images and texts in a common embedding space by mapping them to fixed-sized vectors. These models are key to multimodal information retrieval and related…

English-based Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has achieved great success in various downstream tasks. Some efforts have been taken to generalize this success to non-English languages through Multilingual Vision-Language Pre-training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-23 Liang Zhang , Anwen Hu , Qin Jin

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have recently received substantial interest, which shows their emerging potential as general-purpose models for various vision-language tasks. MLLMs involve significant external knowledge within…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Muhe Ding , Yang Ma , Pengda Qin , Jianlong Wu , Yuhong Li , Liqiang Nie

Embedding vision-language models (VLMs) are typically pretrained with short text windows (<77 tokens), which forces the truncation of long-format captions. Yet, the distribution of biomedical captions from large-scale open source literature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Min Woo Sun , Alejandro Lozano , Javier Gamazo Tejero , Vishwesh Nath , Xiao Xiao Sun , James Burgess , Yuhui Zhang , Kun Yuan , Robert Tibshirani , Sean Huver , Serena Yeung-Levy

The recent advance in vision-language models is largely attributed to the abundance of image-text data. We aim to replicate this success for video-language models, but there simply is not enough human-curated video-text data available. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Yue Zhao , Long Zhao , Xingyi Zhou , Jialin Wu , Chun-Te Chu , Hui Miao , Florian Schroff , Hartwig Adam , Ting Liu , Boqing Gong , Philipp Krähenbühl , Liangzhe Yuan

This paper proposes LayoutLLM, a more flexible document analysis method for understanding imaged documents. Visually Rich Document Understanding tasks, such as document image classification and information extraction, have gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Masato Fujitake

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become the standard for cross-modal image-text representation learning. Improving CLIP typically requires additional data and retraining with new loss functions, but these demands raise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Haonan Wang , Minbin Huang , Runhui Huang , Lanqing Hong , Hang Xu , Tianyang Hu , Xiaodan Liang , Zhenguo Li , Hong Cheng , Kenji Kawaguchi

The rapid progress in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has significantly advanced their ability to process and understand complex visual and textual information. However, the integration of multiple images and extensive textual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Yujie Lu , Xiujun Li , Tsu-Jui Fu , Miguel Eckstein , William Yang Wang