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Modelling partial differential equations (PDEs) is of crucial importance in science and engineering, and it includes tasks ranging from forecasting to inverse problems, such as data assimilation. However, most previous numerical and machine…

In this article, we propose a data-driven methodology for combining the solutions of a set of competing turbulence models. The individual model predictions are linearly combined for providing an ensemble solution accompanied by estimates of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-01-24 Maximilien de Zordo-Banliat , Grégory Dergham , Xavier Merle , Paola Cinnella

Data-driven modeling of fluid dynamics has advanced rapidly with neural PDE solvers, yet a fair and strong benchmark remains fragmented due to the absence of unified PDE datasets and standardized evaluation protocols. Although architectural…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-22 Haixin Wang , Ruoyan Li , Fred Xu , Fang Sun , Kaiqiao Han , Zijie Huang , Ching Chang , Xiao Luo , Wei Wang , Yizhou Sun

Generalisability and the consistency of the a posteriori results are the most critical points of view regarding data-driven turbulence models. This study presents a progressive improvement of turbulence models using simulation-driven…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-03-26 M. J. Rincón , A. Amarloo , M. Reclari , X. I. A. Yang , M. Abkar

The present paper deals with the problem of improving the efficiency of large scale turbulent flow simulations. The high-fidelity methods for modelling turbulent flows become available for a wider range of applications thanks to the…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-04-10 Boris Krasnopolsky

Turbulent flows have historically presented formidable challenges to predictive computational modeling. Traditional numerical simulations often require vast computational resources, making them infeasible for numerous engineering…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-11-15 Han Gao , Xu Han , Xiantao Fan , Luning Sun , Li-Ping Liu , Lian Duan , Jian-Xun Wang

A recent study in turbulent flow simulation demonstrated the potential of generative diffusion models for fast 3D surrogate modeling. This approach eliminates the need for specifying initial states or performing lengthy simulations,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2024-07-30 Abdullah Saydemir , Marten Lienen , Stephan Günnemann

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative frameworks by progressively adding noise to data through a forward process and then reversing this process to generate realistic samples. While these models have achieved strong…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Xingzhuo Guo , Yu Zhang , Baixu Chen , Haoran Xu , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

Significant progress has been made on the model development for simulating turbulent reacting flows. As a consequence, we are currently in a position where key-physical aspects of fairly complex combustion processes are well understood at a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-12-17 Matthias Ihme

Diffusion models have emerged as powerful generative tools with applications in computer vision and scientific machine learning (SciML), where they have been used to solve large-scale probabilistic inverse problems. Traditionally, these…

We posit that autoregressive flow models are well-suited to performing a range of causal inference tasks - ranging from causal discovery to making interventional and counterfactual predictions. In particular, we exploit the fact that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-28 Ricardo Pio Monti , Ilyes Khemakhem , Aapo Hyvarinen

Computational fluid dynamics models based on Reynolds-averaged Navier--Stokes equations with turbulence closures still play important roles in engineering design and analysis. However, the development of turbulence models has been stagnant…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2019-10-04 Heng Xiao , Jin-Long Wu , Sylvain Laizet , Lian Duan

The laminar-to-turbulent transition remains a fundamental and enduring challenge in fluid mechanics. Its complexity arises from the intrinsic nonlinearity and extreme sensitivity to external disturbances. This transition is critical in a…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-07 Wenhui Chang , Hongyuan Hu , Youcheng Xi , Markus Kloker , Honghui Teng , Jie Ren

SAM, a plant-level system analysis tool for advanced reactors (SFR, LFR, MSR/FHR) is under development at Argonne. As a modern system code, SAM aims to improve the predictions of 3D flows relevant to reactor safety during transient…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2020-05-04 Yangmo Zhu , Nam Dinh , Rui Hu , Adam Kraus

Wall-bounded turbulent flows are chaotic and multiscale, rendering real-time prediction at high Reynolds numbers computationally prohibitive in applications such as wind farms. Classical data assimilation methods are based on repeated…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-25 Fabian Steinbrenner , Baris Turan , Hao Teng , Heng Xiao

Learning dynamical systems from incomplete or noisy data is inherently ill-posed, as a single observation may correspond to multiple plausible futures. While physics-based ensemble forecasting relies on perturbing initial states to capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Siddharth Rout , Eldad Haber , Stephane Gaudreault

Recent advances in deep learning have inspired numerous works on data-driven solutions to partial differential equation (PDE) problems. These neural PDE solvers can often be much faster than their numerical counterparts; however, each…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Anthony Zhou , Zijie Li , Michael Schneier , John R Buchanan , Amir Barati Farimani

We showcase the plain diffusion models with Transformers are effective predictors of fluid dynamics under various working conditions, e.g., Darcy flow and high Reynolds number. Unlike traditional fluid dynamical solvers that depend on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-23 Dongyu Luo , Jianyu Wu , Jing Wang , Hairun Xie , Xiangyu Yue , Shixiang Tang

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful stochastic frameworks for high-dimensional inference and generation. However, existing applications to partial differential equations (PDEs) predominantly rely on physics-informed training…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Yi Bing , Liu Jia , Fu Jinyang , Peng Xiang

The application machine learning (ML) algorithms to turbulence modeling has shown promise over the last few years, but their application has been restricted to eddy viscosity based closure approaches. In this article we discuss rationale…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-05-31 J. P. Panda , H. V. Warrior