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The POLAR detector is a space based Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) polarimeter with a wide field of view, which covers almost half the sky. The instrument uses Compton scattering of gamma rays on a plastic scintillator hodoscope to measure the…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the universe, offering insights into stellar collapse, extreme matter behavior, and cosmic evolution. The advent of multi-messenger astronomy, combining electromagnetic,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-13 Nicolas De Angelis

POLAR is a dedicated Gamma-Ray Burst polarimeter making use of Compton-scattering which took data from the second Chinese spacelab, the Tiangong-2 from September 2016 to April 2017. It has a wide Field of View of $\sim6$ steradians and an…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-09-21 Hancheng Li , POLAR Collaboration

We present a status report on the study of gamma-ray bursts (GRB) in the era of rapid follow-up using the world's largest robotic optical telescopes - the 2-m Liverpool and Faulkes telescopes. Within the context of key unsolved issues in…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-08-15 C. G. Mundell , C. Guidorzi , I. A. Steele

High-redshift Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) beyond redshift $\sim6$ are potentially powerful tools to probe the distant early Universe. Their detections in large numbers and at truly high redshifts call for the next generation of high-energy…

To validate key technologies for wide field-of-view (FOV) X-ray polarization measurements, the Cosmic X-ray Polarization Detector (CXPD) CubeSat series has been developed as a prototype platform for the Low-Energy X-ray Polarization…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-05 Cunshi Wang , Zuke Feng , Difan Yi , Yuyang Li , Lirong Xie , Huanbo Feng , Yi Liu , Qian Liu , Yang Huang , Hongbang Liu , Xinyu Qi , Yangheng Zheng , Ali Luo , Guirong Xue , Jifeng Liu

The POLAR detector is a space based Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) polarimeter sensitive in the 15-500 keV energy range. Apart from its main scientific goal as a Gamma-Ray Burst polarimeter it is also able to detect photons from pulsars in orbit. By…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are spectacularly energetic events, with the potential to inform on the early universe and its evolution, once their redshifts are known. Unfortunately, determining redshifts is a painstaking procedure requiring…

Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) sign energetic explosions in the Universe, occurring at cosmological distances. Multi-wavelength observations of GRB allow to study their properties and to use them as cosmological tools. In 2012 the space borne…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-11-26 S. Schanne , B. Cordier , D. Gotz , A. Gros , P. Kestener , H. Le Provost , B. L'Huillier , M. Mur

Aims. With the accumulation of polarization data in the gamma-ray burst (GRB) prompt phase, polarization models can be tested. Methods. We predicted the time-integrated polarizations of 37 GRBs with polarization observation. We used their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-02-22 R. Y. Guan , M. X. Lan

Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are one of the most energetic phenomena in the cosmos, whose study probes physics extremes beyond the reach of laboratories on Earth. Our quest to unravel the origin of these events and understand their underlying…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-25 Michela Negro , Nicoló Cibrario , Eric Burns , Joshua Wood , Adam Goldstein , Tito Dal Canton

X-ray and Gamma-ray polarization measurements of the prompt emission of Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are believed to be extremely important for testing various models of GRBs. So far, the available measurements of hard X-ray polarization of GRB…

It is now more than 40 years since the discovery of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and in the last two decades there has been major progress in the observations of bursts, the afterglows and their host galaxies. This recent progress has been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2010-03-24 B. McBreen , S. Foley , L. Hanlon

The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) has detected over 1400 Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) since it began science operations in July, 2008. We use a subset of over 300 GRBs localized by instruments such as Swift, the Fermi Large Area Telescope,…

POLAR is a compact space-borne detector designed to perform reliable measurements of the polarization for transient sources like Gamma-Ray Bursts in the energy range 50-500keV. The instrument works based on the Compton Scattering principle…

In this paper we first review the results obtained by the INTEGRAL mission in the domain of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), thanks to the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System, which is able to deliver near real-time alerts for GRBs detected within the IBIS…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-12-15 D Gotz , C. Gouiffes , J. Rodriguez , P. Laurent , E. Jourdain , J. P. Roques , S. Mereghetti , S. Lutovinonv , V. Savchenko , L. Hanlon , A. Martin-Carrillo , P. Moran

Simultaneous $\gamma$-ray measurements of gamma-ray burst (GRB) spectra and polarization offer a unique way to determine the underlying emission mechanism(s) in these objects as well as probing the particle acceleration mechanism(s) that…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2019-08-13 J. Michael Burgess , M. Kole , F. Berlato , J. Greiner , G. Vianello , N. Produit , Z. H Li , J. C Sun

Since their first discovery in the late 1960s, Gamma-ray bursts have attracted an exponentially growing interest from the international community due to their central role in the most highly debated open questions of the modern research of…

SPHiNX is a proposed gamma-ray burst (GRB) polarimeter mission operating in the energy range 50-600 keV with the aim of studying the prompt emission phase. The polarisation sensitivity of SPHiNX reduces as the uncertainty on the GRB sky…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-02-18 L. Heckmann , N. K. Iyer , M. Kiss , M. Pearce , F. Xie

The recent claim of a high degree of linear polarization in the prompt gamma-ray burst (GRB) emission of GRB 021206 might have important implications for the underlying mechanism ultimately responsible for the GRB radiation. While the claim…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 A. Curioni , N. Mirabal