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The kinetics of interfaces in alloy solidification pose a classic free boundary problem. This paper introduces an approach that amalgamates the distinctive characteristics of sharp and diffuse interface models. The motion of the diffuse…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-05-31 Chuanqi Zhu , Yuichiro Koizumi

We present a detailed derivation and thin interface analysis of a phase-field model that can accurately simulate microstructural pattern formation for low-speed directional solidification of a dilute binary alloy. This advance with respect…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Blas Echebarria , Roger Folch , Alain Karma , Mathis Plapp

In the literature, two quite different phase-field formulations for the problem of alloy solidification can be found. In the first, the material in the diffuse interfaces is assumed to be in an intermediate state between solid and liquid,…

Materials Science · Physics 2011-11-23 Mathis Plapp

A phase-field formulation is introduced to simulate quantitatively microstructural pattern formation in alloys. The thin-interface limit of this formulation yields a much less stringent restriction on the choice of interface thickness than…

Materials Science · Physics 2016-08-31 Alain Karma

The thin interface limit aims at minimizing the effects arising from a numerical interface thickness, inherent in diffuse interface models of solidification and microstructure evolution such as the phase field model. While the original…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-03-18 Amol Subhedar , Peter K. Galenko , Fathollah Varnik

This article presents a new phase-field formulation for non-equilibrium interface conditions in rapid phase transformations. With a particular way of defining concentration fields, the classical sharp and diffuse (thick) interface theories…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-04-03 Yue Li , Lei Wang , Junjie Li , Jincheng Wang , Zhijun Wang

We characterize both analytically and numerically short-range forces between spatially diffuse interfaces in multi-phase-field models of polycrystalline materials. During late-stage solidification, crystal-melt interfaces may attract or…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-14 N. Wang , R. Spatschek , A. Karma

This paper proposes a diffuse-interface model for simulating gas-liquid-solid multiphase flows involving solid-liquid phase change, solute transport, and the Marangoni effect. In this model, a phase-field method is employed to capture the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-13 Jiangxu Huang , Zhenhua Chai , Xi Liu , Changsheng Huang

A new approach is developed to derive an analytical form for mobility corrections in phase-field models for pure material solidification. Similar to the thin interface limit approach (Karma and Rappel, 1996) it seeks to remove systematic…

Computational Physics · Physics 2019-05-09 Stephan Hubig , Raphael Schiedung , Ingo Steinbach

A new diffuse interface model for a two-phase flow of two incompressible fluids with different densities is introduced using methods from rational continuum mechanics. The model fulfills local and global dissipation inequalities and is also…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2010-11-03 Helmut Abels , Harald Garcke , Günther Grün

A phase-field model that allows for quantitative simulations of low-speed eutectic and peritectic solidification under typical experimental conditions is developed. Its cornerstone is a smooth free-energy functional, designed so that the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-11 R. Folch , M. Plapp

Directional solidification of water-based solutions has emerged as a versatile technique for templating hierarchical porous materials. However, the underlying mechanisms of pattern formation remain incompletely understood. In this work, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-03-20 Kaihua Ji , Alain Karma

Interactions between an evolving solid and inviscid flow can result in substantial computational complexity, particularly in circumstances involving varied boundary conditions between the solid and fluid phases. Examples of such…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-09-30 Emma M. Schmidt , J. Matt Quinlan , Brandon Runnels

We further develop a recently introduced phase-field model of rapid alloy solidification [Ji et al., PRL 2023]. This model utilizes enhanced solute diffusivity within the spatially diffuse interface region to quantitatively capture solute…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-11 Kaihua Ji , Mingwang Zhong , Alain Karma

A thermodynamic approach to rapid phase transformations within a diffuse interface in a binary system is developed. Assuming an extended set of independent thermodynamic variables formed by the union of the classic set of slow variables and…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Peter Galenko , David Jou

The use of continuum phase-field models to describe the motion of well-defined interfaces is discussed for a class of phenomena, that includes order/disorder transitions, spinodal decomposition and Ostwald ripening, dendritic growth, and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 K. R. Elder , Martin Grant , Nikolas Provatas , J. M. Kosterlitz

The effect of nonequilibrium solute trapping by a growing solid under rapid solidification conditions is studied using a phase-field model. Considering a continuous steady-state concentration profile across the diffuse solid-liquid…

Materials Science · Physics 2007-05-23 Denis Danilov , Britta Nestler

A diffused-interface approach based on the Allen-Cahn phase field equation is developed within a high-order Discontinuous Galerkin framework. The interface capturing technique is based on the balance between explicit diffusion and…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-06-09 Niccolò Tonicello , Matthias Ihme

We present a diffuse-interface model for the solid-state dewetting problem with anisotropic surface energies in ${\mathbb R}^d$ for $d\in\{2,3\}$. The introduced model consists of the anisotropic Cahn--Hilliard equation, with either a…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-02-15 Harald Garcke , Patrik Knopf , Robert Nürnberg , Quan Zhao

This work describes three diffuse-interface methods for the simulation of immiscible, compressible multiphase fluid flows and elastic-plastic deformation in solids. The first method is the localized-artificial-diffusivity approach of Cook…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-09-21 Suhas S. Jain , Michael C. Adler , Jacob R. West , Ali Mani , Parviz Moin , Sanjiva K. Lele
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