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We study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with diminishing step sizes for convex objective functions. We introduce a definitional framework and theory that defines and characterizes a core property, called curvature, of convex objective…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-05-15 Marten van Dijk , Lam M. Nguyen , Phuong Ha Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan

Recently Grimmer [1] showed for smooth convex optimization by utilizing longer steps periodically, gradient descent's textbook $LD^2/2T$ convergence guarantees can be improved by constant factors, conjecturing an accelerated rate strictly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-09-28 Benjamin Grimmer , Kevin Shu , Alex L. Wang

We develop a Sequential Quadratic Optimization (SQP) algorithm for minimizing a stochastic objective function subject to deterministic equality constraints. The method utilizes two different stepsizes, one which exclusively scales the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-30 Michael J. O'Neill

The convergence behavior of Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) crucially depends on the stepsize configuration. When using a constant stepsize, the SGD iterates form a Markov chain, enjoying fast convergence during the initial transient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Xiang Li , Qiaomin Xie

We introduce data structures for solving robust regression through stochastic gradient descent (SGD) by sampling gradients with probability proportional to their norm, i.e., importance sampling. Although SGD is widely used for large scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Sepideh Mahabadi , David P. Woodruff , Samson Zhou

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is a popular optimization method which has been applied to many important machine learning tasks such as Support Vector Machines and Deep Neural Networks. In order to parallelize SGD, minibatch training is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-05-14 Peilin Zhao , Tong Zhang

The plain stochastic gradient descent and momentum stochastic gradient descent have extremely wide applications in deep learning due to their simple settings and low computational complexity. The momentum stochastic gradient descent uses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Kun Zeng , Jinlan Liu , Zhixia Jiang , Dongpo Xu

The performance of mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) strongly depends on setting the batch size and learning rate to minimize the empirical loss in training the deep neural network. In this paper, we present theoretical analyses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-17 Hikaru Umeda , Hideaki Iiduka

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a promising method for solving large-scale inverse problems, due to its excellent scalability with respect to data size. The current mathematical theory in the lens of regularization theory predicts that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-10 Bangti Jin , Zehui Zhou , Jun Zou

Stochastic gradient algorithms are the main focus of large-scale optimization problems and led to important successes in the recent advancement of the deep learning algorithms. The convergence of SGD depends on the careful choice of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-03 Caglar Gulcehre , Jose Sotelo , Marcin Moczulski , Yoshua Bengio

In this paper we propose stochastic gradient-free methods and accelerated methods with momentum for solving stochastic optimization problems. All these methods rely on stochastic directions rather than stochastic gradients. We analyze the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-15 Xiaopeng Luo , Xin Xu

We present a theoretical analysis of stochastic optimization methods in terms of their sensitivity with respect to the step size. We identify a key quantity that, for each method, describes how the performance degrades as the step size…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-27 Fabian Schaipp , Robert M. Gower , Adrien Taylor

Recent work has established an empirically successful framework for adapting learning rates for stochastic gradient descent (SGD). This effectively removes all needs for tuning, while automatically reducing learning rates over time on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-03-28 Tom Schaul , Yann LeCun

Subgradient methods are the natural extension to the non-smooth case of the classical gradient descent for regular convex optimization problems. However, in general, they are characterized by slow convergence rates, and they require…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Alessandro Scagliotti , Piero Colli Franzone

The mini-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) algorithm is widely used in training machine learning models, in particular deep learning models. We study SGD dynamics under linear regression and two-layer linear networks, with an easy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-29 Xin Qian , Diego Klabjan

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a popular algorithm for optimization problems arising in high-dimensional inference tasks. Here one produces an estimator of an unknown parameter from independent samples of data by iteratively…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-23 Gerard Ben Arous , Reza Gheissari , Aukosh Jagannath

Inverse problems in scientific computing often require optimization over infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. A commonly used solver in such settings is stochastic gradient descent (SGD), where gradients are approximated using randomly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Sandra Cerrai , Qin Li , Anjali Nair , Jaeyoung Yoon

We extend the convergence analysis of AdaSLS and AdaSPS in [Jiang and Stich, 2024] to the nonconvex setting, presenting a unified convergence analysis of stochastic gradient descent with adaptive Armijo line-search (AdaSLS) and Polyak…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Haotian Wu

In this paper, we study the convergence rate of the gradient (or steepest descent) method with fixed step lengths for finding a stationary point of an $L$-smooth function. We establish a new convergence rate, and show that the bound may be…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-10-08 Hadi Abbaszadehpeivasti , Etienne de Klerk , Moslem Zamani

In this work, we describe a generic approach to show convergence with high probability for both stochastic convex and non-convex optimization with sub-Gaussian noise. In previous works for convex optimization, either the convergence is only…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-01 Zijian Liu , Ta Duy Nguyen , Thien Hang Nguyen , Alina Ene , Huy Lê Nguyen