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A common way to extend the memory of large language models (LLMs) is by retrieval augmented generation (RAG), which inserts text retrieved from a larger memory into an LLM's context window. However, the context window is typically limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Marc Pickett , Jeremy Hartman , Ayan Kumar Bhowmick , Raquib-ul Alam , Aditya Vempaty

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for knowledge-intensive tasks across domains. In materials science, to find novel materials for various energy efficient devices for various real-world applications, requires…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-08-12 Agada Joseph Oche , Arpan Biswas

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are emerging as a key approach for grounding Large Language Models (LLMs) in external knowledge, addressing limitations in factual accuracy and contextual relevance. However, there is a lack of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Md Toufique Hasan , Muhammad Waseem , Kai-Kristian Kemell , Ayman Asad Khan , Mika Saari , Pekka Abrahamsson

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems are usually defined by the combination of a generator and a retrieval component that extracts textual context from a knowledge base to answer user queries. However, such basic implementations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Pietro Ferrazzi , Milica Cvjeticanin , Alessio Piraccini , Davide Giannuzzi

Generative AI (genAI) technologies -- specifically, large language models (LLMs) -- and search have evolving relations. We argue for a novel perspective: using genAI to enrich a document corpus so as to improve query-based retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Gal Zur , Tommy Mordo , Moshe Tennenholtz , Oren Kurland

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but often produce inaccurate responses, as they rely solely on their embedded knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances LLMs by incorporating an external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Divyanshu Kumar , Jatan Loya , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods have significantly enhanced the performance of large language models (LLMs) in domain-specific tasks. However, existing RAG methods do not adequately utilize the naturally inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoyu Huang , Yongfeng Huang , Junjie Yang , Zhenyu Pan , Yongqiang Chen , Kaili Ma , Hongzhi Chen , James Cheng

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has gained traction as a powerful approach for enhancing language models by integrating external knowledge sources. However, RAG introduces challenges such as retrieval latency, potential errors in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Brian J Chan , Chao-Ting Chen , Jui-Hung Cheng , Hen-Hsen Huang

The paper presents a methodology for uncovering knowledge gaps on the internet using the Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) model. By simulating user search behaviour, the RAG system identifies and addresses gaps in information retrieval…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Joan Figuerola Hurtado

Large Language Models (LLMs) are capable of natural language understanding and generation. But they face challenges such as hallucination and outdated knowledge. Fine-tuning is one possible solution, but it is resource-intensive and must be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Shadman Sobhan , Mohammad Ariful Haque

Retrieval-augmented large language models (LLMs) have been remarkably competent in various NLP tasks. However, it was observed by previous works that retrieval is not always helpful, especially when the LLM is already knowledgeable on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Chengkai Huang , Yu Xia , Rui Wang , Kaige Xie , Tong Yu , Julian McAuley , Lina Yao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) empowers large language models (LLMs) to utilize external knowledge sources. The increasing capacity of LLMs to process longer input sequences opens up avenues for providing more retrieved information,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bowen Jin , Jinsung Yoon , Jiawei Han , Sercan O. Arik

The construction industry is a vital sector of the global economy, but it faces many productivity challenges in various processes, such as design, planning, procurement, inspection, and maintenance. Generative artificial intelligence (AI),…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to support various decision-making tasks, assisting humans in making informed decisions. However, when LLMs confidently provide incorrect information, it can lead humans to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Chaeyun Jang , Deukhwan Cho , Seanie Lee , Hyungi Lee , Juho Lee

Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a crucial technique for enhancing the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating external information. With the advent of LLMs that support increasingly longer context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Quinn Leng , Jacob Portes , Sam Havens , Matei Zaharia , Michael Carbin

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming the landscape of medicine, yet two fundamental challenges persist: keeping up with rapidly evolving medical knowledge and providing verifiable, evidence-grounded reasoning. Retrieval-augmented…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a promising solution to address various limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as hallucination and difficulties in keeping up with real-time updates. This approach is particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Shuting Wang , Jiongnan Liu , Shiren Song , Jiehan Cheng , Yuqi Fu , Peidong Guo , Kun Fang , Yutao Zhu , Zhicheng Dou

The recently developed retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) technology has enabled the efficient construction of domain-specific applications. However, it also has limitations, including the gap between vector similarity and the relevance…

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) augments large language models (LLM) by retrieving relevant knowledge, showing promising potential in mitigating LLM hallucinations and enhancing response quality, thereby facilitating the great adoption…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Yixuan Tang , Yi Yang