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Masked image modeling (MIM) as pre-training is shown to be effective for numerous vision downstream tasks, but how and where MIM works remain unclear. In this paper, we compare MIM with the long-dominant supervised pre-trained models from…

Training visual embeddings with labeled data supervision has been the de facto setup for representation learning in computer vision. Inspired by recent success of adopting masked image modeling (MIM) in self-supervised representation…

Since the development of self-supervised visual representation learning from contrastive learning to masked image modeling (MIM), there is no significant difference in essence, that is, how to design proper pretext tasks for vision…

Masked image modeling (MIM) has demonstrated impressive results in self-supervised representation learning by recovering corrupted image patches. However, most existing studies operate on low-level image pixels, which hinders the…

Masked image modeling, an emerging self-supervised pre-training method, has shown impressive success across numerous downstream vision tasks with Vision transformers. Its underlying idea is simple: a portion of the input image is masked out…

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) achieves outstanding success in self-supervised representation learning. Unfortunately, MIM models typically have huge computational burden and slow learning process, which is an inevitable obstacle for their…

This paper explores improvements to the masked image modeling (MIM) paradigm. The MIM paradigm enables the model to learn the main object features of the image by masking the input image and predicting the masked part by the unmasked part.…

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has emerged as a promising method for deriving visual representations from unlabeled image data by predicting missing pixels from masked portions of images. It excels in region-aware learning and provides strong…

The past year has witnessed a rapid development of masked image modeling (MIM). MIM is mostly built upon the vision transformers, which suggests that self-supervised visual representations can be done by masking input image parts while…

Vision-language models, such as CLIP, have achieved significant success in aligning visual and textual representations, becoming essential components of many multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) like LLaVA and OpenFlamingo. However,…

Deep supervision, which involves extra supervisions to the intermediate features of a neural network, was widely used in image classification in the early deep learning era since it significantly reduces the training difficulty and eases…

We introduce MIM (Masked Image Modeling)-Refiner, a contrastive learning boost for pre-trained MIM models. MIM-Refiner is motivated by the insight that strong representations within MIM models generally reside in intermediate layers.…

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has garnered significant attention in self-supervised learning, thanks to its impressive capacity to learn scalable visual representations tailored for downstream tasks. However, images inherently contain…

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) offers a promising approach to self-supervised representation learning, however existing MIM models still lag behind the state-of-the-art. In this paper, we systematically analyze target representations, loss…

Masked image modeling (MIM) learns representations with remarkably good fine-tuning performances, overshadowing previous prevalent pre-training approaches such as image classification, instance contrastive learning, and image-text…

Pre-trained Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) provide strong visual representations for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we continually pre-train prevailing VFMs in a multimodal manner such that they can effortlessly process…

Masked Autoencoders (MAE) have been popular paradigms for large-scale vision representation pre-training. However, MAE solely reconstructs the low-level RGB signals after the decoder and lacks supervision upon high-level semantics for the…

In this work, we survey recent studies on masked image modeling (MIM), an approach that emerged as a powerful self-supervised learning technique in computer vision. The MIM task involves masking some information, e.g. pixels, patches, or…

Masked image modeling (MIM) has become a leading self-supervised learning strategy. MIMs such as Masked Autoencoder (MAE) learn strong representations by randomly masking input tokens for the encoder to process, with the decoder…

Masked image modeling (MIM) pre-training for large-scale vision transformers (ViTs) has enabled promising downstream performance on top of the learned self-supervised ViT features. In this paper, we question if the \textit{extremely simple}…