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An axiomatic approach to macroeconomics based on the mathematical structure of thermodynamics is presented. It deduces relations between aggregate properties of an economy, concerning quantities and flows of goods and money, prices and the…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-18 N. J. Chater , R. S. MacKay

Preferences of individuals are distributions of elements generated by generalized functions. Models of economic decision-making derived from such distributions are consistent with results of physiological experiments, and explain any…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2012-01-20 Leonid A. Shapiro

A country's mix of products predicts its subsequent pattern of diversification and economic growth. But does this product mix also predict income inequality? Here we combine methods from econometrics, network science, and economic…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2017-01-31 D. Hartmann , M. R. Guevara , C. Jara-Figueroa , M. Aristaran , C. A. Hidalgo

In this paper, I propose a new general equilibrium model that explains stylized facts about venture capitalists' impact on their portfolio firms. Venture capitalists can help increase firms' productivity, yet they face increasing entry…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-17 Liukun Wu

Entropy is being used in physics, mathematics, informatics and in related areas to describe equilibration, dissipation, maximal probability states and optimal compression of information. The Gini index on the other hand is an established…

Physics and Society · Physics 2023-07-19 Tamás S. Biró , Zoltán Néda

Workers separate from jobs, search for jobs, accept jobs, and fund consumption with their wages. Firms recruit workers to fill vacancies. Search frictions prevent firms from instantly hiring available workers. Unemployment persists. These…

General Economics · Economics 2023-11-13 Rich Ryan

This paper studies how the organization of production shapes democratic accountability. I propose a model in which learning economies make specialization productively efficient: most workers perform one-domain tasks, while a small set of…

General Economics · Economics 2026-05-12 Giampaolo Bonomi

We study the competitive equilibrium of large random economies with linear activities using methods of statistical mechanics. We focus on economies with $C$ commodities, $N$ firms, each running a randomly drawn linear technology, and one…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-12-10 A. De Martino , M. Marsili , I. Pérez Castillo

The biased interaction game described the operation of systems rooted in boundedly rational interactions under conditions of scarcity. The game explored the influence of bias and demonstrated how hierarchy and inequality are emergent system…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Phil Mercy , Martin Neil

This review seeks to present a comprehensive picture of recent discussions in the social sciences of the anticipated impact of AI on the world of work. Issues covered include technological unemployment, algorithmic management, platform work…

General Economics · Economics 2022-04-04 Jean-Philippe Deranty , Thomas Corbin

Economic engineering is a new field wherein economic systems are modelled in the same manner as traditional mechanical and electrical engineering systems. In this paper, we use Newton's theory of motion as the basis for the theory of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-27 Max Mendel

We consider a large class of social learning models in which a group of agents face uncertainty regarding a state of the world, share the same utility function, observe private signals, and interact in a general dynamic setting. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-05-14 Elchanan Mossel , Manuel Mueller-Frank , Allan Sly , Omer Tamuz

Adam Smith's inquiry into the emergence and stability of the self-organization of the division of labor in commodity production and exchange is considered using statistical equilibrium methods from statistical physics. We develop a…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-09-17 Ellis Scharfenaker , Bruno Theodosio , Duncan K. Foley

This paper presents a dynamic model to study the impact on the economic outcomes in different societies during the Malthusian Era of individualism (time spent working alone) and collectivism (complementary time spent working with others).…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-07-04 Kartik Ahuja , Mihaela van der Schaar , William R. Zame

Human and artificial organizations may be described as networks of interacting parts. Those parts exchange data and control information and, as a result of these interactions, organizations produce emergent behaviors and purposes -- traits…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2015-05-22 Vincenzo De Florio

Recent developments in the global liberalization of equity and currency markets, coupled to advances in trading technologies, are making markets increasingly interdependent. This increased fluidity raises questions about the stability of…

adap-org · Physics 2019-08-15 Tad Hogg , Bernardo A. Huberman , Michael Youssefmir

This work models the interconnection of company's investment managers' representations and the market attraction of its shares. The models that reflect the connection of the company's market effectiveness indices and parameters of its…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-09-17 Valery Vilisov

This paper provides a general characterization of subgame perfect equilibria for strategic timing problems, where two firms have the (real) option to make an irreversible investment. Profit streams are uncertain and depend on the market…

Economics · Quantitative Finance 2018-05-23 Jan-Henrik Steg

We propose a simple yet effective solution to tackle the often-competing goals of fairness and utility in classification tasks. While fairness ensures that the model's predictions are unbiased and do not discriminate against any particular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Anique Tahir , Lu Cheng , Huan Liu

If wealthier people have advantages in having higher returns than poor, inequality will unequivocally increase, but is equal opportunity enough to prevent it? According to several models in economics and econophysics, no. They all display…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2022-01-21 Ben-Hur Francisco Cardoso , Sebastián Gonçalves , José Roberto Iglesias
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