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Face morphing attack detection is a challenging task. Automatic classification methods and manual inspection are realised in automatic border control gates to detect morphing attacks. Understanding how a machine learning system can detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-27 Juan Tapia , Christoph Busch

In security systems the risk assessment in the sense of common criteria testing is a very relevant topic; this requires quantifying the attack potential in terms of the expertise of the attacker, his knowledge about the target and access to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Matteo Ferrara , Annalisa Franco , Davide Maltoni , Christoph Busch

Despite the considerable performance improvements of face recognition algorithms in recent years, the same scientific advances responsible for this progress can also be used to create efficient ways to attack them, posing a threat to their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Eduarda Caldeira , Guray Ozgur , Tahar Chettaoui , Marija Ivanovska , Peter Peer , Fadi Boutros , Vitomir Struc , Naser Damer

Morphing attacks have posed a severe threat to Face Recognition System (FRS). Despite the number of advancements reported in recent works, we note serious open issues such as independent benchmarking, generalizability challenges and…

Face morphing attacks seek to deceive a Face Recognition (FR) system by presenting a morphed image consisting of the biometric qualities from two different identities with the aim of triggering a false acceptance with one of the two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Zander W. Blasingame , Chen Liu

A face morph is created by strategically combining two or more face images corresponding to multiple identities. The intention is for the morphed image to match with multiple identities. Current morph attack detection strategies can detect…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Sudipta Banerjee , Prateek Jaiswal , Arun Ross

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) and face forgery detection play vital roles in securing face biometric systems from presentation attacks (PAs) and vicious digital manipulation (e.g., deepfakes). Despite promising performance upon large-scale data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Zitong Yu , Rizhao Cai , Zhi Li , Wenhan Yang , Jingang Shi , Alex C. Kot

Face morphing attacks are widely recognized as one of the most challenging threats to face recognition systems used in electronic identity documents. These attacks exploit a critical vulnerability in passport enrollment procedures adopted…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Nicolò Di Domenico , Annalisa Franco , Matteo Ferrara , Davide Maltoni

Face morphing attacks pose an increasing threat to face recognition (FR) systems. A morphed photo contains biometric information from two different subjects to take advantage of vulnerabilities in FRs. These systems are particularly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-13 Richard E. Neddo , Zander W. Blasingame , Chen Liu

A face morph is created by combining the face images usually pertaining to two distinct identities. The goal is to generate an image that can be matched with two identities thereby undermining the security of a face recognition system. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Nitish Shukla , Arun Ross

A morph is created by combining two (or more) face images from two (or more) identities to create a composite image that is highly similar to all constituent identities, allowing the forged morph to be biometrically associated with more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Nitish Shukla , Arun Ross

Face morphing attacks present a significant threat to face recognition systems used in electronic identity enrolment and border control, particularly in single-image morphing attack detection (S-MAD) scenarios where no trusted reference is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Diogo J. Paulo , Hugo Proença , João C. Neves

Face recognition systems are widely deployed in high-security applications such as for biometric verification at border controls. Despite their high accuracy on pristine data, it is well-known that digital manipulations, such as face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Mathias Ibsen , Lázaro J. González-Soler , Christian Rathgeb , Christoph Busch

A facial morph is a synthetically created image of a face that looks similar to two different individuals and can even trick biometric facial recognition systems into recognizing both individuals. This attack is known as face morphing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-06 Clemens Seibold , Anna Hilsmann , Peter Eisert

Face anti-spoofing (FAS) and adversarial detection (FAD) have been regarded as critical technologies to ensure the safety of face recognition systems. However, due to limited practicality, complex deployment, and the additional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Jiawei Chen , Xiao Yang , Yinpeng Dong , Hang Su , Zhaoxia Yin

Face Recognition Systems (FRS) are vulnerable to various attacks performed directly and indirectly. Among these attacks, face morphing attacks are highly potential in deceiving automatic FRS and human observers and indicate a severe…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-03 Jag Mohan Singh , Raghavendra Ramachandra

Face morphing attacks have raised critical concerns as they demonstrate a new vulnerability of Face Recognition Systems (FRS), which are widely deployed in border control applications. The face morphing process uses the images from multiple…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Sushma Venkatesh , Kiran Raja , Raghavendra Ramachandra , Christoph Busch

Face morphing attacks compromise biometric security by creating document images that verify against multiple identities, posing significant risks from document issuance to border control. Differential Morphing Attack Detection (D-MAD)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Raul Ismayilov , Luuk Spreeuwers

As face recognition is widely used in diverse security-critical applications, the study of face anti-spoofing (FAS) has attracted more and more attention. Several FAS methods have achieved promising performances if the attack types in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Yu-Chun Wang , Chien-Yi Wang , Shang-Hong Lai

This paper proposes an explainable visualisation of different face feature extraction algorithms that enable the detection of bona fide and morphing images for single morphing attack detection. The feature extraction is based on raw image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-26 Juan Tapia , Christoph Busch