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We prove new mean value theorems for primes in arithmetic progressions to moduli larger than $x^{1/2}$. Our main result shows that the primes are equidistributed for a fixed residue class over all moduli of size $x^{1/2+\delta}$ with a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-07 James Maynard

We study the average distribution of primes of size $x$ in arithmetic progressions to moduli larger than $x^{\frac{1}{2}}$. Using arithmetic information from the works of many authors together with different variants of the original…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Runbo Li

We prove the infinitude of shifted primes $p-1$ without prime factors above $p^{0.2844}$. This refines $p^{0.2961}$ from Baker and Harman in 1998. Consequently, we obtain an improved lower bound on the the distribution of Carmichael…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-11-18 Jared Duker Lichtman

We show that both primes and smooth numbers are equidistributed in arithmetic progressions to moduli up to $x^{5/8 - o(1)}$, using triply-well-factorable weights for the primes (we also get improvements for the well-factorable linear sieve…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-01 Alexandru Pascadi

Let $x,h$ and $Q$ be three parameters. We show that, for most moduli $q\le Q$ and for most positive real numbers $y\le x$, every reduced arithmetic progression $a\mod q$ has approximately the expected number of primes $p$ from the interval…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-06-12 Dimitris Koukoulopoulos

We show that smooth-supported multiplicative functions $f$ are well-distributed in arithmetic progressions $a_1a_2^{-1} \pmod q$ on average over moduli $q\leq x^{3/5-\varepsilon}$ with $(q,a_1a_2)=1$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-06 Sary Drappeau , Andrew Granville , Xuancheng Shao

We show that once $\theta>17/30$, every sufficiently long interval $[x,x+x^\theta]$ contains many $k$-term arithmetic progressions of primes, uniformly in the starting point $x$. More precisely, for each fixed $k\ge3$ and $\theta>17/30$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-25 Le Duc Hieu

We prove new mean value theorems for primes in arithmetic progressions to moduli larger than $x^{1/2}$, extending the Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem to moduli of size $x^{1/2+\delta}$ which have conveniently sized divisors. The main feature of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-06-16 James Maynard

Given a zero-free region and an averaged zero-density estimate over all Dirichlet $L$-functions modulo $q\in\mathbb{N}$, we refine the error terms of the prime number theorem in all and almost all short arithmetic progressions. For example,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Michael Harm

Let $f : \mathbf{N} \rightarrow \mathbf{C}$ be a bounded multiplicative function. Let $a$ be a fixed integer (say $a = 1$). Then $f$ is well-distributed on the progression $n \equiv a \pmod{q} \subset \{1,\dots, X\}$, for almost all primes…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-24 Ben Green

We prove distribution estimates for primes in arithmetic progressions to large smooth squarefree moduli, with respect to congruence classes obeying Chinese Remainder Theorem conditions, obtaining an exponent of distribution $\frac{1}{2} +…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-01-20 D. H. J. Polymath

Assuming the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis, we obtain a lower bound within a constant factor of the conjectured asymptotic result for the second moment for primes in an individual arithmetic progression in short intervals. Previous results…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Daniel Goldston , C. Y. Yildirim

We prove some distribution results for the $k$-fold divisor function in arithmetic progressions to moduli that exceed the square-root of length $X$ of the sum, with appropriate constrains and averaging on the moduli, saving a power of $X$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-15 David T. Nguyen

We show that smooth numbers are equidistributed in arithmetic progressions to moduli of size $x^{66/107-o(1)}$. This overcomes a longstanding barrier of $x^{3/5-o(1)}$ present in previous works of Bombieri-Friedlander-Iwaniec,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Alexandru Pascadi

We obtain an asymptotic formula for the average value of the divisor function over the integers $n \le x$ in an arithmetic progression $n \equiv a \pmod q$, where $q=p^k$ for a prime $p\ge 3$ and a sufficiently large integer $k$. In…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-12 Kui Liu , Igor E. Shparlinski , Tianping Zhang

In 2020, Roger Baker \cite{Bak} proved a result on the exceptional set of moduli in the prime number theorem for arithmetic progressions of the following kind. Let $\mathcal{S}$ be a set of pairwise coprime moduli $q\le x^{9/40}$. Then the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-06-24 Stephan Baier , Sudhir Pujahari

We study the average value of the divisor function $\tau(n)$ for $n\le x$ with $n \equiv a \bmod q$. The divisor function is known to be evenly distributed over arithmetic progressions for all $q$ that are a little smaller than $x^{2/3}$.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-05-25 Rizwanur Khan

We prove some results concerning the distribution of primes on the Riemann hypothesis. First, we prove the explicit result that there exists a prime in the interval $(x-\frac{4}{\pi} \sqrt{x} \log x,x]$ for all $x \geq 2$; this improves a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-05-22 Adrian Dudek

We develop a sieve that can detect primes in multiplicatively structured sets under certain conditions. We apply it to obtain a new $L$-function free proof of Linnik's problem of bounding the least prime $p$ such that $p\equiv a\pmod q$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-01 Kaisa Matomäki , Jori Merikoski , Joni Teräväinen

We derive explicit upper bounds for various functions counting primes in arithmetic progressions. By way of example, if $q$ and $a$ are integers with $\gcd(a,q)=1$ and $3 \leq q \leq 10^5$, and $\theta(x;q,a)$ denotes the sum of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-29 Michael A. Bennett , Greg Martin , Kevin O'Bryant , Andrew Rechnitzer
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