Related papers: The Cone of Mueller Matrices
The Mueller-Stokes formalism which governs conventional polarization optics is formulated for plane waves, and thus the only qualification one could demand of a $4\times 4$ real matrix $M$ in order that it qualifies to be the Mueller matrix…
The Stokes Mueller polarimetry is generalized to include nonlinear optical processes such as second- and third-harmonic generation, sum- and difference-frequency generations. The overall algebraic form of the polarimetry is preserved, where…
In polarization optics, an important role play Mueller matrices -- real four-dimensional matrices which describe the effect of action of optical elements on the polarization state of the light, described by 4-dimensional Stokes vectors. An…
Despite the virtues of Jones and Mueller formalisms for the representation of the polarimetric properties, for some purposes in both Optics and SAR Polarimetry, the concept of coherency vector associated with a nondepolarizing medium has…
The Stokes formalism of polarization physics has astounding structural parallels with the formalism used for relativity theory in Minkowski spacetime. The structure and symmetry properties of the Mueller matrices are the same as those for…
Advances in vectorial polarisation-resolved imaging are bringing new capabilities to applications ranging from fundamental physics through to clinical diagnosis. Imaging polarimetry requires determination of the Mueller matrix (MM) at every…
The generalized theory of Stokes Mueller polarimetry is employed to develop the third-order optical polarimetry framework for third-harmonic generation (THG). The outgoing and incoming radiations are represented by 4-element and 16-element…
We show that there is an isometry between the real ambient space of all Mueller matrices and the space of all Hermitian matrices which maps the Mueller matrices onto the positive semidefinite matrices. We use this to establish an optimality…
While any two-dimensional mixed state of polarization of light can be represented by a combination of a pure state and a fully random state, any Mueller matrix can be represented by a convex combination of a pure component and three…
The paper discusses the role played by Mueller and Jones formalisms in polarization optics, by addressing the following aspects: restriction to the SU(2) symmetry, non-relativistic Stokes 3-vectors; Cartan 2-spinors in polarization optics;…
The formalism is developed for a tree-dimensional ($3D$) nonlinear Stokes-Mueller polarimetry. The expressions are derived for the generalized $3D$ linear and nonlinear Stokes vectors, and the corresponding nonlinear Mueller matrix. The…
An analysis of the matrix models representing the polarimetric properties of light and material media is carried out by using the concept of the coherency matrix, which leads to the identification and definition of their corresponding…
$2\times2$ complex Jones matrix transforms two dimensional complex Jones vectors into complex Jones vectors and accounts for phase introduced by deterministic optical systems. On the other hand, Mueller-Jones matrix transforms four…
Stokes Muller formalism is important to understand the optical properties of materials by measuring the change in the polarization state of light upon scattering. The formalism can be extended to nonlinear scattering processes involving two…
Linear polarimetric transformations of light polarization states by the action of material media are fully characterized by the corresponding Mueller matrices, which contain in an implicit and intricate manner all measurable information on…
When light scatters off an object its polarization, in general, changes - a transformation described by the object's Mueller matrix. Mueller matrix imaging polarimetry is an important technique in science and technology to image the…
Singular Mueller matrices play an important role in polarization algebra and have peculiar properties that stem from the fact that either the medium exhibits maximum diattenuation and/or polarizance, or because its associated canonical…
Several on-going and future experiments use a Stokes polarimeter (i.e. a rotating wave plate followed by a steady polarizer and by an unpolarized detector) to measure the small polarized component of the Cosmic Microwave Background. The…
Mueller matrices provide a complete description of a medium's response to excitation by polarized light, and their characterization is important across a broad range of applications from ellipsometry in material science to polarimetry in…
Orthogonal Mueller matrices can be considered either as corresponding to retarders or to generalized transformations of the polarization basis for the representation of Stokes vectors, so that they constitute the only type of Mueller…