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People routinely rely on data to make decisions, but the process can be riddled with biases. We show that patterns in data might be noticed first or more strongly, depending on how the data is visually represented or what the viewer finds…
It has been noted anecdotally and through a small number of formal studies that ambient lighting conditions and dynamic real-world backgrounds affect the usability of optical see-through augmented reality (AR) displays; especially so in…
Set visualization facilitates the exploration and analysis of set-type data. However, how sets should be visualized when the data is uncertain is still an open research challenge. To address the problem of depicting uncertainty in set…
Environmental sensors provide crucial data for understanding our surroundings. For example, air quality maps based on sensor readings help users make decisions to mitigate the effects of pollution on their health. Standard maps show…
A statistical learning/inference framework for color demosaicing is presented. We start with simplistic assumptions about color constancy, and recast color demosaicing as a blind linear inverse problem: color parameterizes the unknown…
In Geographical Information search, map visualization can challenge the user because results can consist of a large set of heterogeneous items, increasing visual complexity. We propose a novel visualization model to address this issue. Our…
In this work we study the identification of spatial correlation in distributions of 2D scalar fields, presented across different forms of visual displays. We study simple visual displays that directly show color-mapped scalar fields, namely…
High-dimensional representations for words, text, images, knowledge graphs and other structured data are commonly used in different paradigms of machine learning and data mining. These representations have different degrees of…
Grayscale images are essential in image processing and computer vision tasks. They effectively emphasize luminance and contrast, highlighting important visual features, while also being easily compatible with other algorithms. Moreover,…
Understanding how individuals interpret charts is a crucial concern for visual data communication. This imperative has motivated a number of studies, including past work demonstrating that causal priors -- a priori beliefs about causal…
Color Appearance Models are biological networks that consist of a cascade of linear+nonlinear layers that modify the linear measurements at the retinal photo-receptors leading to an internal (nonlinear) representation of color that…
Existing guidelines for categorical color selection are heuristic, often grounded in intuition rather than empirical studies of readers' abilities. While design conventions recommend palettes maximize hue differences, more recent…
To produce images that are suitable for display, tone-mapping is widely used in digital cameras to map linear color measurements into narrow gamuts with limited dynamic range. This introduces non-linear distortion that must be undone,…
Color theme or color palette can deeply influence the quality and the feeling of a photograph or a graphical design. Although color palettes may come from different sources such as online crowd-sourcing, photographs and graphical designs,…
Data visualizations present a massive number of potential messages to an observer. One might notice that one group's average is larger than another's, or that a difference in values is smaller than a difference between two others, or any of…
The neural networks of the human visual brain derive representations of three-dimensional structure from specific two-dimensional image cues. Neural models backed by psychophysical data predict how local differences in either luminance…
How do people internalize visualizations: as images or information? In this study, we investigate the nature of internalization for visualizations (i.e., how the mind encodes visualizations in memory) and how memory encoding affects its…
Color vision is essential for human visual perception, but its impact on machine perception is still underexplored. There has been an intensified demand for understanding its role in machine perception for safety-critical tasks such as…
Data visualizations are vital to scientific communication on critical issues such as public health, climate change, and socioeconomic policy. They are often designed not just to inform, but to persuade people to make consequential decisions…
Previous work has highlighted that existing post-hoc explanation methods exhibit disparities in explanation fidelity (across 'race' and 'gender' as sensitive attributes), and while a large body of work focuses on mitigating these issues at…