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Point cloud stands as the most widely adopted format for representing 3D shapes and scenes due to its simplicity and geometric fidelity. However, its inherent unordered and irregular nature, exacerbated by sensor noise and occlusions,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Minhas Kamal , Hiranya Garbha Kumar , Balakrishnan Prabhakaran

Spatial reasoning is a fundamental capability for embodied intelligence, especially for fine-grained manipulation tasks such as robotic assembly. While recent vision-language models (VLMs) exhibit preliminary spatial awareness, they largely…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Zhi Jing , Jinbin Qiao , Ouyang Lu , Jicong Ao , Shuang Qiu , Yu-Gang Jiang , Chenjia Bai

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable ability to comprehend, reason, and generate following nature language instructions. However, the development of LLMs has been primarily focused on high-resource languages, such as English,…

In this work, we present Uni3DL, a unified model for 3D and Language understanding. Distinct from existing unified vision-language models in 3D which are limited in task variety and predominantly dependent on projected multi-view images,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Xiang Li , Jian Ding , Zhaoyang Chen , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Concepts play a pivotal role in various human cognitive functions, including learning, reasoning and communication. However, there is very little work on endowing machines with the ability to form and reason with concepts. In particular,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Chen Shani , Jilles Vreeken , Dafna Shahaf

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated rapid progress across a wide array of domains. Owing to the very large number of parameters and training data in LLMs, these models inherently encompass an expansive and comprehensive materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-11-20 Siyu Liu , Tongqi Wen , A. S. L. Subrahmanyam Pattamatta , David J. Srolovitz

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, enabling remarkable progress in various tasks. Different from objective tasks such as commonsense reasoning and arithmetic question-answering, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Xiaolong Wang , Yuanchi Zhang , Ziyue Wang , Yuzhuang Xu , Fuwen Luo , Yile Wang , Peng Li , Yang Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs), typified by OpenAI's GPT, have marked a significant advancement in artificial intelligence. Trained on vast amounts of text data, LLMs are capable of understanding and generating human-like text across a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haochen Zhang , Yuyang Dong , Chuan Xiao , Masafumi Oyamada

Vision language models (VLMs) can flexibly address various vision tasks through text interactions. Although successful in semantic understanding, state-of-the-art VLMs including GPT-5 still struggle in understanding 3D from 2D inputs. On…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Zhipeng Cai , Ching-Feng Yeh , Hu Xu , Zhuang Liu , Gregory Meyer , Xinjie Lei , Changsheng Zhao , Shang-Wen Li , Vikas Chandra , Yangyang Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize data analytics by simplifying tasks such as data discovery and SQL query synthesis through natural language interactions. This work serves as a pivotal first step toward the…

We introduce SensorLLM, a two-stage framework that enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform human activity recognition (HAR) from sensor time-series data. Despite their strong reasoning and generalization capabilities, LLMs remain…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Zechen Li , Shohreh Deldari , Linyao Chen , Hao Xue , Flora D. Salim

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential across numerous applications and have shown an emergent ability to tackle complex reasoning tasks, such as mathematical computations. However, even for the simplest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Wei Zhang , Chaoqun Wan , Yonggang Zhang , Yiu-ming Cheung , Xinmei Tian , Xu Shen , Jieping Ye

Empowered by Large Language Models (LLMs), recent advancements in Video-based LLMs (VideoLLMs) have driven progress in various video understanding tasks. These models encode video representations through pooling or query aggregation over a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Yuetian Weng , Mingfei Han , Haoyu He , Xiaojun Chang , Bohan Zhuang

Large-scale pre-trained models have shown promising open-world performance for both vision and language tasks. However, their transferred capacity on 3D point clouds is still limited and only constrained to the classification task. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Xiangyang Zhu , Renrui Zhang , Bowei He , Ziyu Guo , Ziyao Zeng , Zipeng Qin , Shanghang Zhang , Peng Gao

Current foundation models for 3D shapes excel at global tasks (retrieval, classification) but transfer poorly to local part-level reasoning. Recent approaches leverage vision and language foundation models to directly solve dense tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Souhail Hadgi , Bingchen Gong , Ramana Sundararaman , Emery Pierson , Lei Li , Peter Wonka , Maks Ovsjanikov

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable text understanding capabilities, which have been extended as Video LLMs to handle video data for comprehending visual details. However, existing Video LLMs can only provide a coarse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Bin Huang , Xin Wang , Hong Chen , Zihan Song , Wenwu Zhu

Unlocking spatial reasoning in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) is crucial for enabling intelligent interaction with 3D environments. While prior efforts often rely on explicit 3D inputs or specialized model architectures, we ask:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Fangrui Zhu , Hanhui Wang , Yiming Xie , Jing Gu , Tianye Ding , Jianwei Yang , Huaizu Jiang

We introduce Part-X-MLLM, a native 3D multimodal large language model that unifies diverse 3D tasks by formulating them as programs in a structured, executable grammar. Given an RGB point cloud and a natural language prompt, our model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Chunshi Wang , Junliang Ye , Yunhan Yang , Yang Li , Zizhuo Lin , Jun Zhu , Zhuo Chen , Yawei Luo , Chunchao Guo

Recently, zero-shot and few-shot learning via Contrastive Vision-Language Pre-training (CLIP) have shown inspirational performance on 2D visual recognition, which learns to match images with their corresponding texts in open-vocabulary…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Renrui Zhang , Ziyu Guo , Wei Zhang , Kunchang Li , Xupeng Miao , Bin Cui , Yu Qiao , Peng Gao , Hongsheng Li