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The Internet, a rapidly expanding communication infrastructure, poses significant cybersecurity challenges. A few techniques have been developed to provide security in the OSI model's application, presentation, and network layers. Instead…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Donald Somiari Ene , Isobo Nelson Davies , Godwin Fred Lenu , Ibiere Boma Cookey

This document focuses on developing a key expansion method based on the internet X.509 public key infrastructure and elliptic curve cryptography, which is applied in the context of anonymous voting. The method enables end entities to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Abel C. H. Chen

Individuals are encouraged to prove their eligibility to access specific services regularly. However, providing various organizations with personal data spreads sensitive information and endangers people's privacy. Hence, privacy-preserving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-12-27 Mina Namazi , Duncan Ross , Xiaojie Zhu , Erman Ayday

Current cloud and network infrastructures do not employ privacy-preserving methods to protect their assets. Anonymous credential schemes are a cryptographic building block that enables the certification of data structures and prove…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-07-20 Ioannis Sfyrakis , Thomas Gross

Zero-knowledge (ZK) proof systems have emerged as a promising solution for building security-sensitive applications. However, bugs in ZK applications are extremely difficult to detect and can allow a malicious party to silently exploit the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Junrui Liu , Ian Kretz , Hanzhi Liu , Bryan Tan , Jonathan Wang , Yi Sun , Luke Pearson , Anders Miltner , Işıl Dillig , Yu Feng

Zero-knowledge proofs are an essential building block in many privacy-preserving systems. However, implementing these proofs is tedious and error-prone. In this paper, we present zksk, a well-documented Python library for defining and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Wouter Lueks , Bogdan Kulynych , Jules Fasquelle , Simon Le Bail-Collet , Carmela Troncoso

A smart-card-based user authentication scheme for wireless sensor networks (hereafter referred to as a SCA-WSN scheme) is designed to ensure that only users who possess both a smart card and the corresponding password are allowed to gain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-09-24 Junghyun Nam , Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo , Sangchul Han , Moonseong Kim , Juryon Paik , Dongho Won

Cryptographic algorithms are computationally costly and the challenge is more if we need to execute them in resource constrained embedded systems. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) having programmable logic de- vices and processing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Sruti Agarwal , Sangeet Saha , Rourab Paul , Amlan Chakrabarti

Collision-resistant, cryptographic hash (CRH) functions have long been an integral part of providing security and privacy in modern systems. Certain constructions of zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) protocols aim to utilize CRH functions to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Anees Ahmed , Nojan Sheybani , Davi Moreno , Nges Brian Njungle , Tengkai Gong , Michel Kinsy , Farinaz Koushanfar

The MPC-in-the-head technique (Ishai et al., STOC 2007) is a celebrated method to build zero-knowledge protocols with desirable theoretical properties and high practical efficiency. This technique has generated a large body of research and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Andrea Coladangelo , Ruta Jawale , Dakshita Khurana , Giulio Malavolta , Hendrik Waldner

In this tutorial, selected topics of cryptology and of computational complexity theory are presented. We give a brief overview of the history and the foundations of classical cryptography, and then move on to modern public-key cryptography.…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Jörg Rothe

The signcryption is a relatively new cryptographic technique that is supposed to fulfill the functionalities of encryption and digital signature in a single logical step. Several signcryption schemes are proposed throughout the years, each…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-03-20 M. Toorani , A. A. Beheshti

The signcryption is a relatively new cryptographic technique that is supposed to fulfill the functionalities of encryption and digital signature in a single logical step. Although several signcryption schemes are proposed over the years,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2012-03-21 M. Toorani , A. A. Beheshti

A cryptographic protocol (CP) is a distributed algorithm designed to provide a secure communication in an insecure environment. CPs are used, for example, in electronic payments, electronic voting procedures, database access systems, etc.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-25 A. M. Mironov

We present ZK-SecreC, a domain-specific language for zero-knowledge proofs. We present the rationale for its design, its syntax and semantics, and demonstrate its usefulness on the basis of a number of non-trivial examples. The design…

The session initiation protocol (SIP) is a powerful signaling protocol that controls communication on the Internet, establishing, maintaining, and terminating the sessions. The services that are enabled by SIP are equally applicable in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2011-08-23 Debiao He

Relativistic cryptography is a proposal for achieving unconditional security that exploits the fact that no information carrier can travel faster than the speed of light. It is based on space-time constraints but doesn't require quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-03 André Chailloux , Yann Barsamian

This paper reconstructs zero-knowledge extensions on Solana as an architecture theory. Drawing on the existing ecosystem and on the author's prior papers and implementations as reference material, we propose a two-axis model that normalizes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Jotaro Yano

With the development of precise positioning technology, a growing number of location-based services (LBSs) facilitate people's life. Most LBSs require proof of location (PoL) to prove that the user satisfies the service requirement, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Wei Wu , Erwu Liu , Xinglin Gong , Rui Wang

What is the funniest number in cryptography (Episode 2)? 0 [1]. The reason is that $\forall x, x \cdot 0 = 0$, i.e., the equation is satisfied no matter what $x$ is. We'll use zero to attack zero-knowledge proof (ZKP). In particular, we'll…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-05 Nguyen Thoi Minh Quan