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High gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) is an efficient way to remove magnetic and paramagnetic particles, such as heavy metals, from waste water. As the suspension flows through a magnetized filter mesh, high magnetic gradients around the…
Nuclear material deposited in equipment, transfer lines, and ventilation systems of a processing facility is usually referred to as holdup. In this work, we propose to use an array of detectors co-axial to the inspected pipe to measure the…
There are many interesting physical processes which involve the generation of high density plasmas in large volumes. However, when modeling these systems numerically, the large densities and volumes present a significant computational…
We present a techno-economic optimization model for evaluating the design and operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers, crucial for hydrogen production powered by variable renewable electricity. This model integrates a 0-D…
Next-generation gravitational wave observatories are expected to use cryogenically cooled, pendulum-suspended 200 kg test mass mirrors from a crystalline material such as crystalline silicon. During operation of the observatories, these…
Heterogeneous multiscale methods (HMM) combine molecular accuracy of particle-based simulations with the computational efficiency of continuum descriptions to model flow in soft matter liquids. In these schemes, molecular simulations…
The 4th generation of district heating systems face a potential problem where lowered water temperatures lead to higher flow rates, which requires higher hydraulic capacity in terms of pipe and pump sizes. This increases the effect of the…
As traditional large hydropower has been extensively exploited, micro-hydro systems have caught research increasing interest. New engineering challenges arise in developing micro-hydro systems in areas with significant elevation but…
Water treatment facilities are critical infrastructure they must accommodate dynamic demand patterns without system disruption. These patterns can be scheduled, such as daily residential irrigation, or unexpected, such as demand spikes from…
As seasonal thermal energy storage emerges as an efficient solution to reduce CO2 emissions of buildings, challenges appear related to its optimal operation. In a system including short-term electricity storage, long-term heat storage, and…
This paper considers the optimal dispatch of energy-constrained heterogeneous storage units to maximise security of supply. A policy, requiring no knowledge of the future, is presented and shown to minimise unserved energy during…
This paper presents a case study of the operational management of the Robinvale high-pressure piped irrigation water delivery system (RVHPS) in Australia. Based on datasets available, improved pump setpoint selection using a calibrated…
Batteries are dynamic systems with complicated nonlinear aging, highly dependent on cell design, chemistry, manufacturing, and operational conditions. Prediction of battery cycle life and estimation of aging states is important to…
Supply chain management has been concentrated on productive ways to manage flows through a sophisticated vendor, manufacturer, and consumer networks for decades. Recently, energy and material rates have been greatly consumed to improve the…
Quantum technologies require pure states, which are often generated by extreme refrigeration. Heat-bath algorithmic cooling is the theoretically optimal refrigeration technique: it shuttles entropy from a multiparticle system to a thermal…
A liquid helium-3 target system was developed for experimental studies of kaonic atoms and kaonic nuclei at J-PARC. helium-3 gas is liquefied in a heat exchanger cooled below 3.2 K by decompression of liquid helium-4. To maintain a large…
This chapter gives an overview of the principles of low temperature refrigeration and the thermodynamics behind it. Basic cryogenic processes - Joule-Thomoson process, Brayton process as well as Claude process - are described and compared.…
Observational measures of the primordial helium mass fraction, $Y_{\rm P}$, are of interest for cosmology and fundamental particle physics. Current measures obtained from H II regions agree with the Standard Model prediction to…
This paper studies optimal thermal management and charging of a battery electric vehicle driving over long distance trips. The focus is on the potential benefits of including a heat pump in the thermal management system for waste heat…
High harmonic generation (HHG) is an extreme nonlinear frequency up-conversion process during which extremely short duration optical pulses at very short wavelengths are emitted. A major concern of HHG is the small conversion efficiency at…