Related papers: Nonstandard proof methods in toposes
Ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are foundational in modeling intricate dynamics across a gamut of scientific disciplines. Yet, a possibility to represent a single phenomenon through multiple ODE models, driven by different…
We revisit strong approximation theory from a new perspective, culminating in a proof of the Koml\'os-Major-Tusn\'ady embedding theorem for the simple random walk. The proof is almost entirely based on a series of soft arguments and easy…
This paper constructs a new local to global principle for expected values over free $\mathbb{Z}$-modules of finite rank. In our strategy we use the same philosophy as Ekedhal's Sieve for densities, later extended and improved by Poonen and…
We present a system of axioms motivated by a topological intuition: The set of subsets of any set is a topology on that set. On the one hand, this system is a common weakening of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory ZF, the positive set theory GPK…
In this paper we apply techniques from nonstandard analysis to study expansive dynamical systems. Among other results, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for an expansive homeomorphism on a compact metric space to admit…
We define an elementary $\infty$-topos that simultaneously generalizes an elementary topos and Grothendieck $\infty$-topos. We then prove it satisfies the expected topos theoretic properties, such as descent, local Cartesian closure,…
We investigate the problem of safety verification of infinite-state parameterized programs that are formed based on a rich class of topologies. We introduce a new proof system, called parametric proof spaces, which exploits the underlying…
This paper presents a Bayesian framework for assessing the adequacy of a model without the necessity of explicitly enumerating a specific alternate model. A test statistic is developed for tracking the performance of the model across…
Let $G$ be an infinite countable amenable group and let $(X,G)$ be a $G$-subshift with specification, containing a free element. We prove that $(X,G)$ is universal, i.e., has positive topological entropy and for any free ergodic $G$-action…
In settings from fact-checking to question answering, we frequently want to know whether a collection of evidence (premises) entails a hypothesis. Existing methods primarily focus on the end-to-end discriminative version of this task, but…
The existence of the {\em typical set} is key for data compression strategies and for the emergence of robust statistical observables in macroscopic physical systems. Standard approaches derive its existence from a restricted set of…
We show that every continuous map from one translationally finite tiling space to another can be approximated by a local map. If two local maps are homotopic, then the homotopy can be chosen so that every interpolating map is also local.
Let $G$ be a countable discrete amenable group which acts continuously on a compact metric space $X$ and let $\mu$ be an ergodic $G-$invariant Borel probability measure on $X$. For a fixed tempered F{\o}lner sequence $\{F_n\}$ in $G$ with…
We prove that every elementary $(\infty,1)$-topos has a natural number object. We achieve this by defining the loop space of the circle and showing that we can construct a natural number object out of it. Part of the proof involves showing…
Estimation of structure, such as in variable selection, graphical modelling or cluster analysis is notoriously difficult, especially for high-dimensional data. We introduce stability selection. It is based on subsampling in combination with…
When a teacher provides examples for a student to study, these examples must be informative, enabling a student to progress from their current state toward a target concept or skill. Good teachers must therefore simultaneously infer what…
Interpretation of a structure $\mathbb A$ in $\mathbb B$ allows to produce structures elementarily equivalent to $\mathbb A$ given those elementarily equivalent to $\mathbb B$. In particular, interpretation of the free group in $\mathbb N$…
Non-Archimedean mathematics (in particular, nonstandard analysis) allows to construct some useful models to study certain phenomena arising in PDE's; for example, it allows to construct generalized solutions of differential equations and…
A method is given for generating a bounded invariant of a differential system with a given set of initial conditions around a point $x_0$. This invariant has the form of a tube centered on the Euler approximate solution starting at $x_0$,…
This paper is the first in a series whose goal is to develop a fundamentally new way of constructing theories of physics. The motivation comes from a desire to address certain deep issues that arise when contemplating quantum theories of…