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Advancements in generative models have enabled multi-agent systems (MAS) to perform complex virtual tasks such as writing and code generation, which do not generalize well to physical multi-agent robotic teams. Current frameworks often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yuanchen Bai , Zijian Ding , Angelique Taylor

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have increased the demand for comprehensive benchmarks to evaluate their capabilities as human-like agents. Existing benchmarks, while useful, often focus on specific application scenarios,…

Large language model (LLM) agents have shown increasing promise for collaborative task completion. However, existing multi-agent frameworks often rely on static workflows, fixed roles, and limited inter-agent communication, reducing their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Chengxuan Xia , Qianye Wu , Sixuan Tian , Yilun Hao

Collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning has rapidly evolved, offering state-of-the-art algorithms for real-world applications, including sensitive domains. However, a key challenge to its widespread adoption is the lack of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Amine Andam , Jamal Bentahar , Mustapha Hedabou

We propose a novel approach to address one aspect of the non-stationarity problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning (RL), where the other agents may alter their policies due to environment changes during execution. This violates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Yixiang Wang , Feng Wu

Advances in reinforcement learning (RL) have resulted in recent breakthroughs in the application of artificial intelligence (AI) across many different domains. An emerging landscape of development environments is making powerful RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-11 Edward W. Staley , Corban G. Rivera , Ashley J. Llorens

A policy is said to be robust if it maximizes the reward while considering a bad, or even adversarial, model. In this work we formalize two new criteria of robustness to action uncertainty. Specifically, we consider two scenarios in which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-08 Chen Tessler , Yonathan Efroni , Shie Mannor

Recently, empowered with the powerful capabilities of neural networks, reinforcement learning (RL) has successfully tackled numerous challenging tasks. However, while these models demonstrate enhanced decision-making abilities, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhengpeng Xie , Yulong Zhang

Static capabilities benchmarks suffer from saturation and contamination, making it difficult to track capabilities progress over time. We introduce Agent Island, a multiplayer simulation environment in which language-model agents compete in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Connacher Murphy

As Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) advance, multimodal agents show promise in real-world tasks like web navigation and embodied intelligence. However, due to limitations in a lack of external feedback, these agents struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Tianyi Men , Zhuoran Jin , Pengfei Cao , Yubo Chen , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

It is well known that it is difficult to have a reliable and robust framework to link multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithms with practical multi-robot applications. To fill this gap, we propose and build an open-source…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-29 Junfeng Chen , Fuqin Deng , Yuan Gao , Junjie Hu , Xiyue Guo , Guanqi Liang , Tin Lun Lam

Training a multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithm is more challenging than training a single-agent reinforcement learning algorithm, because the result of a multi-agent task strongly depends on the complex interactions among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-19 Heechang Ryu , Hayong Shin , Jinkyoo Park

To achieve general intelligence, agents must learn how to interact with others in a shared environment: this is the challenge of multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). The simplest form is independent reinforcement learning (InRL), where…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-11-08 Marc Lanctot , Vinicius Zambaldi , Audrunas Gruslys , Angeliki Lazaridou , Karl Tuyls , Julien Perolat , David Silver , Thore Graepel

Reinforcement learning agents in complex game environments often suffer from sparse rewards, training instability, and poor sample efficiency. This paper presents a hybrid training approach that combines offline imitation learning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Thomas Ackermann , Moritz Spang , Hamza A. A. Gardi

LLM-based agents have made significant advancements in interactive environments, such as mobile operations and web browsing, and other domains beyond computer using. Current multi-agent systems universally excel in performance, compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Zhitao He , Zijun Liu , Peng Li , Yi R. Fung , Ming Yan , Ji Zhang , Fei Huang , Yang Liu

Although reinforcement learning (RL) is considered the gold standard for policy design, it may not always provide a robust solution in various scenarios. This can result in severe performance degradation when the environment is exposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-14 Juncheng Dong , Hao-Lun Hsu , Qitong Gao , Vahid Tarokh , Miroslav Pajic

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) extends (single-agent) reinforcement learning (RL) by introducing additional agents and (potentially) partial observability of the environment. Consequently, algorithms for solving MARL problems…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Yilun Zhou , Derrik E. Asher , Nicholas R. Waytowich , Julie A. Shah

Reinforcement learning often uses neural networks to solve complex control tasks. However, neural networks are sensitive to input perturbations, which makes their deployment in safety-critical environments challenging. This work lifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Manuel Wendl , Lukas Koller , Tobias Ladner , Matthias Althoff

In financial trading, large language model (LLM)-based agents demonstrate significant potential. However, the high sensitivity to market noise undermines the performance of LLM-based trading systems. To address this limitation, we propose a…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-08-19 Li Zhao , Rui Sun , Zuoyou Jiang , Bo Yang , Yuxiao Bai , Mengting Chen , Xinyang Wang , Jing Li , Zuo Bai

Many challenging tasks such as managing traffic systems, electricity grids, or supply chains involve complex decision-making processes that must balance multiple conflicting objectives and coordinate the actions of various independent…