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As a typical approach of demand response (DR), direct load control (DLC) enables load service entity (LSE) to adjust electricity usage of home-end customers for peak shaving during DLC event. Households are connected in low voltage…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-05-11 Weiye Zheng , Wenchuan Wu , Boming Zhang , Wanxing Sheng

In scenarios where high penetration of renewable energy sources (RES) is connected to the grid over long distances, the output of RES exhibits significant fluctuations, making it difficult to accurately characterize. The intermittency and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-02-27 Yuhong Wang , Xinyao Wang , Chen Shen , Jianquan Liao , Qianni Cao , Yufei Teng , Huabo Shi , Gang Chen

The burgeoning integration of distributed energy resources (DER) poses new challenges for the economic and safe operation of the electricity system. The current distribution-side policy is largely based on mandatory regulations and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-07 Chunyi Huang , Chengmin Wang , Mingzhi Zhang , Ning Xie , Yong Wang

This paper investigates the planning and operational processes of modern distribution networks (DNs) hosting Distributed Energy Resources (DERs). While in the past the two aspects have been distinct, a methodology is proposed in this paper…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-07-11 Stavros Karagiannopoulos , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug

Power distribution networks are increasingly hosting controllable and flexible distributed energy resources (DERs) that, when aggregated, can provide ancillary support to transmission systems. However, existing aggregation schemes often…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Hyeongon Park , Daniel K. Molzahn , Rahul K. Gupta

Increased penetration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and Renewable Energy Systems (RES) transforming the conventional distribution grid into a transactive framework supervised by a distribution system operator (DSO). Although the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-06 Arnab Dey , Vivek Khatana , Ankur Mani , Murti V. Salapaka

As distributed energy resources (DERs) grow, the electricity grid faces increased net load variability at the grid edge, impacting operability and reliability. Transactive energy, facilitated through local energy markets, offers a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-18 Daniel May , Matthew Taylor , Petr Musilek

Distributed optimization methods have been extensively applied for the optimization of electric power distribution systems, especially for grid-edge coordination. Existing distributed optimization algorithms applied to power distribution…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-12 Rabayet Sadnan , Nathan Gray , Anjan Bose , Anamika Dubey

The uncertainty in the power supply due to fluctuating Renewable Energy Sources (RES) has severe (financial and other) implications for energy market players. In this paper, we present a device-level Demand Response (DR) scheme that…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-05-03 Bijay Neupane , Torben Bach Pedersen , Bo Thiesson

This paper proposes a real-time distributed operational architecture to efficiently coordinate intergrated transmission and distribution systems (ITD). At the distribution system level, the distribution system operator (DSO) computes the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-08 Xinliang Dai , Yi Guo , Yuning Jiang , Colin N. Jones , Gabriela Hug , Veit Hagenmeyer

Nowadays, energy transition is ongoing in many countries, aiming to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and CO2 emissions. Besides the positive impacts on the environment, this transition brings technical challenges to the system operators,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Hang Nguyen , Koen Kok , Trung Thai Tran , Phuong H. Nguyen

The rapid development of distributed energy resources (DERs) has brought many challenges to the operation of distribution networks in recent years, where operating envelopes (OEs), as a key enabler to facilitate DER integration via virtual…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-02-17 Bin Liu , Jin Ma

Increasing integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) within distribution feeders provides unprecedented flexibility at the distribution-transmission interconnection. With the new FERC 2222 order, DER aggregations are allowed to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-27 Bai Cui , Ahmed Zamzam , Andrey Bernstein

To accommodate the advent of microgrids (MG) managing distributed energy resources (DER) in distribution systems, an interactive two-stage joint retail electricity market mechanism is proposed to provide an effective platform for these…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-28 Chunyi Huang , Mingzhi Zhang , Chengmin Wang , Ning Xie , Jian Wang , Shi Peng

Community microgrids are developed within existing power systems by integrating local distributed energy resources (DERs). So power distribution systems can be seamlessly partitioned into community microgrids and end-users could be largely…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-08-04 Chen Yuan , Guangyi Liu , Zhiwei Wang , Xi Chen , Mahesh S. Illindala

This paper addresses the distributed frequency control problem in a multi-area power system taking into account of unknown time-varying power imbalance. Particularly, fast controllable loads are utilized to restore system frequency under…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-10-31 Zhaojian Wang , Shengwei Mei , Feng Liu , Steven H. Low , Peng Yang

The aggregate flexibility region of distributed energy resources (DERs) quantifies the aggregate power shaping capabilities of DERs. It characterizes the distribution network's potential for wholesale market participation and grid service…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-27 Feixiang Zhang , Hongyi Li , Bai Cui , Zhaoyu Wang

To facilitate the integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) into the wholesale market while maintaining the tractability of associated market operation tools such as unit commitment (UC), existing DER aggregation (DERA) studies…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-07 Weilun Wang , Zhentong Shao , Yikui Liu , Brent Eldridge , Abhishek Somani , Jesse T. Holzer , Lei Wu

This paper introduces a stochastic AC-OPF (SOPF) for the flexibility management of electric vehicle (EV) charging pools in distribution networks under uncertainty. The SOPF considers discrete utility functions from charging pools as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-08 Juan S. Giraldo , Nataly Banol Arias , Pedro P. Vergara , Maria Vlasiou , Gerwin Hoogsteen , Johann L. Hurink

To ensure a successful bid while maximizing of profits, generation companies (GENCOs) need a self-scheduling strategy that can cope with a variety of scenarios. So distributionally robust opti-mization (DRO) is a good choice because that it…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-05 Linfeng Yang , Ying Yang , Guo Chen , Zhaoyang Dong