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LoRa is the proprietary physical layer (PHY) of LoRaWAN, which is a popular Internet-of-Things (IoT) protocol enabling low-power devices to communicate over long ranges. A number of reverse engineering attempts have been published in the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-24 Joachim Tapparel , Orion Afisiadis , Paul Mayoraz , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

Physical layer approaches for generating secret encryption keys for wireless systems using channel information have attracted increased interest from researchers in recent years. This paper presents a new approach for calculating…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 John A. Snoap

In the context of physical layer security, a physical layer characteristic is used as a common source of randomness to generate the secret key. Therefore an accurate estimation of this characteristic is the core for reliable secret key…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-11-11 Ahmed Badawy , Tamer Khattab , Tarek Elfouly , Amr Mohamed , Daniele Trinchero , Carla-Fabiana Chiasserini

We propose a novel physical layer secret key generation method for the inter-spacecraft communication links. By exploiting the Doppler frequency shifts of the reciprocal spacecraft links as a unique secrecy source, spacecrafts aim to obtain…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-01 Ozan Alp Topal , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Physical layer key generation is a promising candidate for cryptographic key establishment between two wireless communication parties. It offers information-theoretic security and is an attractive alternative to public-key techniques. Here,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Paul Staat , Harald Elders-Boll , Markus Heinrichs , Rainer Kronberger , Christian Zenger , Christof Paar

Physical layer security (PLS) is superior to classical cryptography techniques due to its notion of perfect secrecy and independence to an eavesdropper's computational power. One form of PLS arises when Alice and Bob (the legitimate users)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-10 Hibatallah Alwazani , Anas Chaaban

In this paper, the feasibility of implementing a lightweight key distribution scheme using physical layer security for secret key generation (SKG) is explored. Specifically, we focus on examining SKG with the received signal strength (RSS)…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-26 Amitha Mayya , Arsenia Chorti , Rafael F. Schaefer , Gerhard P. Fettweis

In this work, we propose a secret key generation procedure specifically designed for the inter-spacecraft communication links. As a novel secrecy source, the spacecrafts utilize Doppler frequency shift based measurements. In this way, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-05 Ozan Alp Topal , Gunes Karabulut Kurt , Halim Yanikomeroglu

The physical-layer secret key generation has emerged as a promising solution for establishing cryptographic keys by leveraging reciprocal and time-varying wireless channels. However, existing approaches suffer from low key generation rates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Guyue Li , Haiyu Yang , Junqing Zhang , Hongbo Liu , Aiqun Hu

It is well known that physical-layer key generation methods enable wireless devices to harvest symmetric keys by accessing the randomness offered by the wireless channels. Although two-user key generation is well understood, group…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-03-04 Rohit Joshi , J. Harshan

Physical-layer key generation (PKG) based on wireless channels is a lightweight technique to establish secure keys between legitimate communication nodes. Recently, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have been leveraged to enhance the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Chen Chen , Junqing Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Magnus Sandell , Liquan Chen

Physical layer key generation (PLKG) is a promising technology to obtain symmetric keys between a pair of wireless communication users in a plug-and-play manner. The shared entropy source almost entirely comes from the intrinsic randomness…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Ning Gao , Yu Han , Nannan Li , Shi Jin , Michail Matthaiou

Physical-layer key generation methods utilize the variations of the communication channel to achieve a secure key agreement between two parties with no prior security association. Their secrecy rate (bit generation rate) depends heavily on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-08 Jordan L. Melcher , Yao Zheng , Dylan Anthony , Matthew Troglia , Yanjun Pan , Ming Li , Thomas Yang , Alvin Yang , Samson Aggelopoulos

This paper presents automatic key generation for long-range wireless communications in low power wide area networks (LPWANs), employing LoRa as a case study. Differential quantization is adopted to extract a high level of randomness.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-19 Junqing Zhang , Alan Marshall , Lajos Hanzo

LoRa is a popular low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology that uses spread-spectrum to achieve long-range connectivity and resilience to noise and interference. For energy efficiency reasons, LoRa adopts a pure ALOHA access scheme,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-12-16 Mathieu Xhonneux , Joachim Tapparel , Orion Afisiadis , Alexios Balatsoukas-Stimming , Andreas Burg

In this paper, we consider the problem of secret key generation for multiple parties. Multi-user networks usually require a trusted party to efficiently distribute keys to the legitimate users and this process is a weakness against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Ufuk Altun , Semiha T. Basaran , Gunes K. Kurt , Enver Ozdemir

The physical-layer key generation is a lightweight technique to generate secret keys from wireless channels for resource-constrained Internet of things (IoT) applications. The security of key generation relies on spatial decorrelation,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-28 Lu Yang , Yansong Gao , Junqing Zhang , Seyit Camtepe , Dhammika Jayalath

Physical layer secret key generation exploits the reciprocal channel randomness for key generation and has proven to be an effective addition security layer in wireless communications. However, static or scarcely random channels require…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Zhuangkun Wei , Weisi Guo

Physical-layer key generation (PKG) based on wireless channels is a lightweight technique to establish secure keys between legitimate communication nodes. Recently, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have been leveraged to enhance the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-20 Chen Chen , Junqing Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Magnus Sandell , Liquan Chen

SDR (Software Defined Radio) provides flexible, reproducible, and longer-lasting radio tools for military and civilian wireless communications infrastructure. SDR is a radio communication system whose components are implemented as software.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Mehmet Kaan Erol , Eyup Emre Ulku
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