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Interpretability is crucial to understand the inner workings of deep neural networks (DNNs) and many interpretation methods generate saliency maps that highlight parts of the input image that contribute the most to the prediction made by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-21 Shihong Fang , Anna Choromanska

Trojan backdoors can be injected into large language models at various stages, including pretraining, fine-tuning, and in-context learning, posing a significant threat to the model's alignment. Due to the nature of causal language modeling,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Vedant Bhasin , Matthew Yudin , Razvan Stefanescu , Rauf Izmailov

Deep neural networks are known to have security issues. One particular threat is the Trojan attack. It occurs when the attackers stealthily manipulate the model's behavior through Trojaned training samples, which can later be exploited.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Songzhu Zheng , Yikai Zhang , Hubert Wagner , Mayank Goswami , Chao Chen

Backdoor attack against deep neural networks is currently being profoundly investigated due to its severe security consequences. Current state-of-the-art backdoor attacks require the adversary to modify the input, usually by adding a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Ahmed Salem , Michael Backes , Yang Zhang

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to backdoor attacks (Trojans), where an attacker poisons the training set with backdoor triggers so that the neural network learns to classify test-time triggers to the attacker's designated target class.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Hang Wang , Zhen Xiang , David J. Miller , George Kesidis

With the widespread use of deep learning system in many applications, the adversary has strong incentive to explore vulnerabilities of deep neural networks and manipulate them. Backdoor attacks against deep neural networks have been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Jiazhu Dai , Chuanshuai Chen

Recent work has demonstrated robust mechanisms by which attacks can be orchestrated on machine learning models. In contrast to adversarial examples, backdoor or trojan attacks embed surgically modified samples with targeted labels in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-03-19 Zhaoyuan Yang , Naresh Iyer , Johan Reimann , Nurali Virani

Deep neural networks are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, such as backdoor attacks in which a malicious adversary compromises a model during training such that specific behaviour can be triggered at test time by attaching a specific word…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-21 You Guo , Jun Wang , Trevor Cohn

In the exciting generative AI era, the diffusion model has emerged as a very powerful and widely adopted content generation and editing tool for various data modalities, making the study of their potential security risks very necessary and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Yang Sui , Huy Phan , Jinqi Xiao , Tianfang Zhang , Zijie Tang , Cong Shi , Yan Wang , Yingying Chen , Bo Yuan

Backdoor attacks, or trojans, pose a security risk by concealing undesirable behavior in deep neural network models. Open-source neural networks are downloaded from the internet daily, possibly containing backdoors, and third-party model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Chace Ashcraft , Ted Staley , Josh Carney , Cameron Hickert , Derek Juba , Kiran Karra , Nathan Drenkow

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are becoming commonplace in critical applications, making their susceptibility to backdoor (trojan) attacks a significant problem. In this paper, we introduce a novel backdoor attack detection pipeline, detecting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Akash Vartak , Khondoker Murad Hossain , Tim Oates

The backdoor attack, where the adversary uses inputs stamped with triggers (e.g., a patch) to activate pre-planted malicious behaviors, is a severe threat to Deep Neural Network (DNN) models. Trigger inversion is an effective way of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-07 Zhenting Wang , Kai Mei , Juan Zhai , Shiqing Ma

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to a class of attacks called "backdoor attacks", which create an association between a backdoor trigger and a target label the attacker is interested in exploiting. A backdoored DNN performs well…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-23 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Shuming Liu , Mohammed Alkhrashi , Fahad AlBalawi , Bernard Ghanem

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are notorious for their vulnerability to adversarial attacks, which are small perturbations added to their input images to mislead their prediction. Detection of adversarial examples is, therefore, a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-20 Gilad Cohen , Guillermo Sapiro , Raja Giryes

Although deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved a great success in various computer vision tasks, it is recently found that they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we focus on the so-called \textit{backdoor attack},…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Hao Cheng , Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Pin-Yu Chen , Pu Zhao , Xue Lin

Backdoor attack intends to embed hidden backdoor into deep neural networks (DNNs), so that the attacked models perform well on benign samples, whereas their predictions will be maliciously changed if the hidden backdoor is activated by…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Yiming Li , Yong Jiang , Zhifeng Li , Shu-Tao Xia

Backdoor attack is a powerful attack algorithm to deep learning model. Recently, GNN's vulnerability to backdoor attack has been proved especially on graph classification task. In this paper, we propose the first backdoor detection and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Bingchen Jiang , Zhao Li

Backdoor attack intends to inject hidden backdoor into the deep neural networks (DNNs), such that the prediction of infected models will be maliciously changed if the hidden backdoor is activated by the attacker-defined trigger. Currently,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Yiming Li , Tongqing Zhai , Yong Jiang , Zhifeng Li , Shu-Tao Xia

Deep Learning (DL) has become a key technology that assists radio frequency (RF) signal classification applications, such as modulation classification. However, the DL models are vulnerable to adversarial machine learning threats, such as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Younes Salmi , Hanna Bogucka

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks which can hide backdoor triggers in DNNs by poisoning training data. A backdoored model behaves normally on clean test images, yet consistently predicts a particular target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-17 Shihao Zhao , Xingjun Ma , Xiang Zheng , James Bailey , Jingjing Chen , Yu-Gang Jiang
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