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Thyroid ultrasound is the first-line exam for assessing thyroid nodules and determining whether biopsy is warranted. In routine reporting, radiologists produce two coupled outputs: a nodule contour for measurement and a TI-RADS risk…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Dina Salama , Mohamed Mahmoud , Nourhan Bayasi , David Liu , Ilker Hacihaliloglu

Image segmentation is pivotal in medical image analysis, facilitating clinical diagnosis, treatment planning, and disease evaluation. Deep learning has significantly advanced automatic segmentation methodologies by providing superior…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-22 Zhengyong Huang , Ning Jiang , Xingwen Sun , Lihua Zhang , Peng Chen , Jens Domke , Yao Sui

Automated prostate segmentation in MRI is highly demanded for computer-assisted diagnosis. Recently, a variety of deep learning methods have achieved remarkable progress in this task, usually relying on large amounts of training data. Due…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-20 Quande Liu , Qi Dou , Lequan Yu , Pheng Ann Heng

Thyroid disease instances have been continuously increasing since the 1990s, and thyroid cancer has become the most rapidly rising disease among all the malignancies in recent years. Most existing studies focused on applying deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-09 Xinyu Zhang , Vincent CS. Lee , Jia Rong , James C. Lee , Jiangning Song , Feng Liu

Heterogeneous morphological features and data imbalance pose significant challenges in rare thyroid carcinoma classification using ultrasound imaging. To address this issue, we propose a novel multitask learning framework, Channel-Spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-05 Peiqi Li , Yincheng Gao , Renxing Li , Haojie Yang , Yunyun Liu , Boji Liu , Jiahui Ni , Ying Zhang , Yulu Wu , Xiaowei Fang , Lehang Guo , Liping Sun , Jiangang Chen

Automatic prostate segmentation in TRUS images has always been a challenging problem, since prostates in TRUS images have ambiguous boundaries and inhomogeneous intensity distribution. Although many prostate segmentation methods have been…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-11-08 Mengqing Liu , Xiao Shao , Liping Jiang , Kaizhi Wu

Automated segmentation of kidneys and kidney tumors is an important step in quantifying the tumor's morphometrical details to monitor the progression of the disease and accurately compare decisions regarding the kidney tumor treatment.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-09-17 Andriy Myronenko , Ali Hatamizadeh

Segmentation is essential for medical image analysis to identify and localize diseases, monitor morphological changes, and extract discriminative features for further diagnosis. Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-02 Hritam Basak , Rohit Kundu , Ram Sarkar

Accurate segmentation of organs from abdominal CT scans is essential for clinical applications such as diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient monitoring. To handle challenges of heterogeneity in organ shapes, sizes, and complex…

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a noninvasive imaging modality which can be used to obtain depth images of the retina. The changing layer thicknesses can thus be quantified by analyzing these OCT images, moreover these changes have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-15 Yufan He , Aaron Carass , Bruno M. Jedynak , Sharon D. Solomon , Shiv Saidha , Peter A. Calabresi , Jerry L. Prince

Organ at risk (OAR) segmentation is a crucial step for treatment planning and outcome determination in radiotherapy treatments of cancer patients. Several deep learning based segmentation algorithms have been developed in recent years,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-07 Ilkin Isler , Curtis Lisle , Justin Rineer , Patrick Kelly , Damla Turgut , Jacob Ricci , Ulas Bagci

Thyroid cancer is among the most common cancers in the United States. Thyroid nodules are frequently detected through ultrasound (US) imaging, and some require further evaluation via fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy. Despite its…

Graves' disease is a common condition that is diagnosed clinically by determining the smoothness of the thyroid texture and its morphology in ultrasound images. Currently, the most widely used approach for the automated diagnosis of Graves'…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Su-Xi Yu , Jing-Yuan He , Yi Wang , Yu-Jiao Cai , Jun Yang , Bo Lin , Wei-Bin Yang , Jian Ruan

Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is the third most prevalent Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) after neck and back pain. To monitor such a severe MSD, a segmentation map of the femur, tibia and tibiofemoral cartilage is usually accessed using the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-24 Akshay Daydar , Alik Pramanick , Arijit Sur , Subramani Kanagaraj

Background and objective: Medical image segmentation is a core task in various clinical applications. However, acquiring large-scale, fully annotated medical image datasets is both time-consuming and costly. Scribble annotations, as a form…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Peilin Zhang , Shaouxan Wua , Jun Feng , Zhuo Jin , Zhizezhang Gao , Jingkun Chen , Yaqiong Xing , Xiao Zhang

Medical imaging is essential in healthcare to provide key insights into patient anatomy and pathology, aiding in diagnosis and treatment. Non-invasive techniques such as X-ray, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Fnu Neha , Deepshikha Bhati , Deepak Kumar Shukla , Sonavi Makarand Dalvi , Nikolaos Mantzou , Safa Shubbar

Kidney structures segmentation is a crucial yet challenging task in the computer-aided diagnosis of surgery-based renal cancer. Although numerous deep learning models have achieved remarkable success in many medical image segmentation…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-30 Shishuai Hu , Yiwen Ye , Zehui Liao , Yong Xia

Histology method is vital in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers and many other diseases. For the analysis of histopathological images, we need to detect and segment all gland structures. These images are very challenging, and the task…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-05 Safiye Rezaei , Ali Emami , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays an important role in diagnosing the parotid tumor, where accurate segmentation of tumors is highly desired for determining appropriate treatment plans and avoiding unnecessary surgery. However, the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-05 Yifan Gao , Yin Dai , Fayu Liu , Weibing Chen , Lifu Shi

Curvilinear structure segmentation is important in medical imaging, quantifying structures such as vessels, airways, neurons, or organ boundaries in 2D slices. Segmentation via pixel-wise classification often fails to capture the small and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-07 Manxi Lin , Zahra Bashir , Martin Grønnebæk Tolsgaard , Anders Nymark Christensen , Aasa Feragen