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Trading through decentralized exchanges (DEXs) has become crucial in today's blockchain ecosystem, enabling users to swap tokens efficiently and automatically. However, the capacity of miners to strategically order transactions has led to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Yuhao Li , Mengqian Zhang , Jichen Li , Elynn Chen , Xi Chen , Xiaotie Deng

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) has garnered significant attention in the cryptocurrency community. Such attention is a consequence of the revenue that can be generated from MEV, as well as the risks MEV poses to the fundamental value…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Ciaran Hughes

Many blockchain platform are subject to maximal value extraction (MEV), and users on the platform are losing money while sending transactions because the transaction order can be manipulated to extract value from them. Consensus protocols…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-05 Bowen Xue , Sreeram Kannan

Existing blockchain networks are often large-scale, requiring transactions to be synchronized across the entire network to reach consensus. On-chain computations can be prohibitively expensive, making many CPU-intensive computations…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Yu Zhang , Xiao Yan , Gang Tang , Helena Wang

Maximal extractable value (MEV) in which block proposers unethically gain profits by manipulating the order in which transactions are included within a block, is a key challenge facing blockchains such as Ethereum today. Left unchecked, MEV…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Yifan Mao , Mengya Zhang , Shaileshh Bojja Venkatakrishnan , Zhiqiang Lin

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) searching has gained prominence on the Ethereum blockchain since the surge in Decentralized Finance activities. In Ethereum, MEV extraction primarily hinges on fee payments to block proposers. However, in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Burak Öz , Jonas Gebele , Parshant Singh , Filip Rezabek , Florian Matthes

Blockchain has empowered computer systems to be more secure using a distributed network. However, the current blockchain design suffers from fairness issues in transaction ordering. Miners are able to reorder transactions to generate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Yihang Fu , Zesen Zhuang , Luyao Zhang

In blockchain networks, the strategic ordering of transactions within blocks has emerged as a significant source of profit extraction, known as Maximal Extractable Value (MEV). The transition from spam-based Priority Gas Auctions to…

Maximal Extractable Value (MEV) has emerged as a new frontier in the design of blockchain systems. In this paper, we propose making the MEV extraction rate as part of the protocol design space. Our aim is to leverage this parameter to…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-02 Pedro Braga , Georgios Chionas , Piotr Krysta , Stefanos Leonardos , Georgios Piliouras , Carmine Ventre

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) leverages blockchain-enabled smart contracts to deliver automated and trustless financial services without the need for intermediaries. However, the public visibility of financial transactions on the blockchain…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Huned Materwala , Shraddha M. Naik , Aya Taha , Tala Abdulrahman Abed , Davor Svetinovic

In the context of blockchain, MEV refers to the maximum value that can be extracted from block production through the inclusion, exclusion, or reordering of transactions. Searchers often participate in order flow auctions (OFAs) to obtain…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Rasheed , Parth Desai , Yash Chaurasia , Sujit Gujar

Trading on decentralized exchanges has been one of the primary use cases for permissionless blockchains with daily trading volume exceeding billions of U.S.~dollars. In the status quo, users broadcast transactions and miners are responsible…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Matheus V. X. Ferreira , David C. Parkes

Bitcoin uses blockchain technology to maintain transactions order and provides probabilistic guarantee to prevent double-spending, assuming that an attacker's computational power does not exceed %50 of the network power. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ghader Ebrahimpour , Mohammad Sayad Haghighi

The multi-chain future is upon us. Modular architectures are coming to maturity across the ecosystem to scale bandwidth and throughput of cryptocurrency. One example of such is the Ethereum modular architecture, with its beacon chain, its…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Alexandre Obadia , Alejo Salles , Lakshman Sankar , Tarun Chitra , Vaibhav Chellani , Philip Daian

Smart contracts have enabled blockchain systems to evolve from simple cryptocurrency platforms, such as Bitcoin, to general transactional systems, such as Ethereum. Catering for emerging business requirements, a new architecture called…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-03-24 Pingcheng Ruan , Dumitrel Loghin , Quang-Trung Ta , Meihui Zhang , Gang Chen , Beng Chin Ooi

Monero is a popular crypto-currency which focuses on privacy. The blockchain uses cryptographic techniques to obscure transaction values as well as a `ring confidential transaction' which seeks to hide a real transaction among a variable…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-14 Nathan Borggren , Hyoung-yoon Kim , Lihan Yao , Gary Koplik

Blockchains have shown great promise as peer-to-peer digital currency systems over the past 10 years. However, with increased popularity, the demand for processing transactions has also grown leading to increased costs, confirmation times,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-02 Karl J. Kreder

The evolution of blockchain technology, from its origins as a decentralized ledger for cryptocurrencies to its broader applications in areas like decentralized finance (DeFi), has significantly transformed financial ecosystems while…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Daniil Vostrikov , Yash Madhwal , Andrey Seoev , Anastasiia Smirnova , Yury Yanovich , Alexey Smirnov , Vladimir Gorgadze

We analyze maximal extractable value in multiple concurrent proposer blockchains, where multiple blocks become data available before their final execution order is determined. This concurrency breaks the single builder assumption of…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Steven Landers , Benjamin Marsh

A blockchain, such as Bitcoin, is an append-only, secure, transparent, distributed ledger. A fair blockchain is expected to have healthy metrics; high honest mining power, low processing latency, i.e., low wait times for transactions and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Shoeb Siddiqui , Ganesh Vanahalli , Sujit Gujar