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Text Image Machine Translation (TIMT) aims to translate texts embedded within an image into another language. Current TIMT studies primarily focus on providing translations for all the text within an image, while neglecting to provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Wanru Zhuang , Wenbo Li , Zhibin Lan , Xu Han , Peng Li , Jinsong Su

Text image machine translation (TIMT) aims to translate texts embedded in images from one source language to another target language. Existing methods, both two-stage cascade and one-stage end-to-end architectures, suffer from different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Cong Ma , Yaping Zhang , Mei Tu , Yang Zhao , Yu Zhou , Chengqing Zong

Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) has advanced the performance of many vision-language tasks, such as image-text retrieval, visual entailment, and visual reasoning. The pre-training mostly utilizes lexical databases and image queries in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Yasmine Karoui , Rémi Lebret , Negar Foroutan , Karl Aberer

Pre-trained vision-language models are able to interpret visual concepts and language semantics. Prompt learning, a method of constructing prompts for text encoders or image encoders, elicits the potentials of pre-trained models and readily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Zhenhan Huang , Tejaswini Pedapati , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

As transformer evolves, pre-trained models have advanced at a breakneck pace in recent years. They have dominated the mainstream techniques in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). How to adapt pre-training to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Yifan Du , Zikang Liu , Junyi Li , Wayne Xin Zhao

In federated learning, textual prompt tuning adapts Vision-Language Models (e.g., CLIP) by tuning lightweight input tokens (or prompts) on local client data, while keeping network weights frozen. After training, only the prompts are shared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mainak Singha , Subhankar Roy , Sarthak Mehrotra , Ankit Jha , Moloud Abdar , Biplab Banerjee , Elisa Ricci

Multi-modal pretraining for learning high-level multi-modal representation is a further step towards deep learning and artificial intelligence. In this work, we propose a novel model, namely InterBERT (BERT for Interaction), which is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-23 Junyang Lin , An Yang , Yichang Zhang , Jie Liu , Jingren Zhou , Hongxia Yang

Large-scale contrastive vision-language pre-training has shown significant progress in visual representation learning. Unlike traditional visual systems trained by a fixed set of discrete labels, a new paradigm was introduced in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Peng Gao , Shijie Geng , Renrui Zhang , Teli Ma , Rongyao Fang , Yongfeng Zhang , Hongsheng Li , Yu Qiao

We present MM1.5, a new family of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) designed to enhance capabilities in text-rich image understanding, visual referring and grounding, and multi-image reasoning. Building upon the MM1 architecture,…

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP are trained via contrastive learning between text and image pairs, resulting in aligned image and text embeddings that are useful for many downstream tasks. A notable drawback of CLIP, however, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Dylan Sam , Devin Willmott , Joao D. Semedo , J. Zico Kolter

Large language models have significantly advanced Multilingual Machine Translation (MMT), yet scaling to many languages while keeping quality robust across directions remains challenging. In this paper, we identify a failure mode of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Yingfeng Luo , Ziqiang Xu , Yuxuan Ouyang , Murun Yang , Dingyang Lin , Kaiyan Chang , Tong Zheng , Bei Li , Peinan Feng , Quan Du , Tong Xiao , Jingbo Zhu

Visual prompt tuning offers significant advantages for adapting pre-trained visual foundation models to specific tasks. However, current research provides limited insight into the interpretability of this approach, which is essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yubin Wang , Xinyang Jiang , De Cheng , Xiangqian Zhao , Zilong Wang , Dongsheng Li , Cairong Zhao

Lexical ambiguity is a significant and pervasive challenge in Neural Machine Translation (NMT), with many state-of-the-art (SOTA) NMT systems struggling to handle polysemous words (Campolungo et al., 2022). The same holds for the NMT…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Vivek Iyer , Edoardo Barba , Alexandra Birch , Jeff Z. Pan , Roberto Navigli

Vision-Language Pretraining (VLP) has shown impressive results on diverse downstream tasks by offline training on large-scale datasets. Regarding the growing nature of real-world data, such an offline training paradigm on ever-expanding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Hongguang Zhu , Yunchao Wei , Xiaodan Liang , Chunjie Zhang , Yao Zhao

Recent advances in vision-language models have significantly expanded the frontiers of automated image analysis. However, applying these models in safety-critical contexts remains challenging due to the complex relationships between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Muhammad Imran , Yugyung Lee

CLIP models perform remarkably well on zero-shot classification and retrieval tasks. But recent studies have shown that learnt representations in CLIP are not well suited for dense prediction tasks like object detection, semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu , Hadi Pouransari , Fartash Faghri , Oncel Tuzel

The task of identifying multimodal image-text representations has garnered increasing attention, particularly with models such as CLIP (Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining), which demonstrate exceptional performance in learning complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Zhiyu Zhu , Zhibo Jin , Jiayu Zhang , Nan Yang , Jiahao Huang , Jianlong Zhou , Fang Chen

In this paper, we address a fundamental gap between pre-training and fine-tuning of deep neural networks: while pre-training has shifted from unimodal to multimodal learning with enhanced visual understanding, fine-tuning predominantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Shohei Enomoto , Shin'ya Yamaguchi

Pretrained vision-and-language BERTs aim to learn representations that combine information from both modalities. We propose a diagnostic method based on cross-modal input ablation to assess the extent to which these models actually…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-10 Stella Frank , Emanuele Bugliarello , Desmond Elliott

Multilingual neural machine translation (NMT) has recently been investigated from different aspects (e.g., pivot translation, zero-shot translation, fine-tuning, or training from scratch) and in different settings (e.g., rich resource and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-12-30 Xu Tan , Yichong Leng , Jiale Chen , Yi Ren , Tao Qin , Tie-Yan Liu