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In quantum mechanics, measurements cause wavefunction collapse that yields precise outcomes, for non-commuting observables such as position and momentum Heisenberg's uncertainty principle limits the intrinsic precision of a state. Although…
As known, the degree of entanglement of biphoton states with respect to the transverse components of photon wave vectors (momenta) or coordinates can be characterized either by the parameter K associated with the Schmidt decompositions, or…
Measurement underpins all quantitative science. A key example is the measurement of optical phase, used in length metrology and many other applications. Advances in precision measurement have consistently led to important scientific…
An experimental scheme is introduced to measure multiple parameters that are encoded in the phase quadrature of a light beam. Using a modal description and a spectrally-resolved homodyne detection, it is shown that all of the information is…
We show that the quantum Cram\'er-Rao bound on the precision of measurements of the optical phase gradient, or the wavefront tilt, with a beam of finite width is consistent with the Heisenberg uncertainty principle for a single-photon…
We present a theoretical analysis of two-photon absorption of classical and squeezed light valid when one-photon absorption to an intermediate state is either resonant or far-detuned from resonance, and in both the low and high intensity…
In a recent, modified double-pinhole diffraction experiment the existence of an interference pattern was established indirectly along with a near-perfect imaging of the double pinhole. Our theoretical analysis shows that the experiment…
We discuss advantages of using non-classical states of light for two aspects of optical imaging: creating of miniature images on photosensitive substrates, which constitutes the foundation for optical lithography, and imaging of micro…
Careful tailoring the quantum state of probes offers the capability of investigating matter at unprecedented precisions. Rarely, however, the interaction with the sample is fully encompassed by a single parameter, and the information…
A single photon incident on a beam splitter produces an entangled field state, and in principle could be used to violate a Bell-inequality, but such an experiment (without post-selection) is beyond the reach of current experiments. Here we…
We discuss how continuous probing of a quantum system allows estimation of unknown classical parameters embodied in the Hamiltonian of the system. We generalize the stochastic master equation associated with continuous observation processes…
The problem of characterising the accuracy of, and disturbance caused by a joint measurement of position and momentum is investigated. In a previous paper the problem was discussed in the context of the unbiased measurements considered by…
We derive a state dependent error-disturbance trade-off based on a statistical distance in the sequential measurements of a pair of noncommutative observables and experimentally verify the relation with a photonic qubit system. We…
We investigate the ultimate precision achievable in Gaussian quantum metrology. We derive general analytical expressions for the quantum Fisher information matrix and for the measurement compatibility condition, ensuring asymptotic…
We address the study of quantum metrology enhanced by indefinite causal order, demonstrating a quadratic advantage in the estimation of the product of two average displacements in a continuous variable system. We prove that no setup where…
The measurement problem is the issue of explaining how the objective classical world emerges from a quantum one. Here we take a different approach. We assume that there is an objective classical system, and then ask that the standard rules…
Since a general Gaussian process is phase-sensitive, a stable phase reference is required to take advantage of this feature. When the reference is missing, either due to the volatile nature of the measured sample or the measurement's…
It is well known that the problem of divergence in the physical interpretation of quantum mechanics originating from the uncertainty principle has not yet been resolved. Attempting to clear the constraints and confusion of this situation…
A limitation on simultaneous measurement of two arbitrary positive operator valued measures is discussed. In general, simultaneous measurement of two noncommutative observables is only approximately possible. Following Werner's formulation,…
Quantifying nonclassicality of a bosonic mode is an important but challenge task in quantum optics. Recently, the first nonclassicality measure based on the concept of operational resource theory has been proposed [Phys. Rev. Research 2,…