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Key-Value cache (\texttt{KV} \texttt{cache}) compression has emerged as a promising technique to optimize Large Language Model (LLM) serving. It primarily decreases the memory consumption of \texttt{KV} \texttt{cache} to reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Wei Gao , Xinyu Zhou , Peng Sun , Tianwei Zhang , Yonggang Wen

Prompt compression is crucial for enhancing inference speed, reducing costs, and improving user experience. However, current methods face challenges such as low compression ratios and potential data leakage during evaluation. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Zongqian Li , Yixuan Su , Nigel Collier

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) often face a modality representation gap during pretraining: while language embeddings remain stable, visual representations are highly sensitive to contextual noise (e.g., background clutter). To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yin Xie , Kaicheng Yang , Peirou Liang , Xiang An , Yongle Zhao , Yumeng Wang , Ziyong Feng , Roy Miles , Ismail Elezi , Jiankang Deng

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of multi-modal LLMs that exhibit strong comprehension of visual data such as images and videos. However, these models usually rely on extensive visual tokens from visual encoders,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yiwu Zhong , Zhuoming Liu , Yin Li , Liwei Wang

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have advanced significantly by integrating visual encoders with extensive language models, enabling robust reasoning capabilities. However, compressing LMMs for deployment on edge devices remains a critical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Te Zhang , Yuheng Li , Junxiang Wang , Lujun Li

``Learning to hash'' is a practical solution for efficient retrieval, offering fast search speed and low storage cost. It is widely applied in various applications, such as image-text cross-modal search. In this paper, we explore the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Young Kyun Jang , Donghyun Kim , Ser-nam Lim

Vector quantization(VQ) is a hardware-friendly DNN compression method that can reduce the storage cost and weight-loading datawidth of hardware accelerators. However, conventional VQ techniques lead to significant accuracy loss because the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Shuaiting Li , Chengxuan Wang , Juncan Deng , Zeyu Wang , Zewen Ye , Zongsheng Wang , Haibin Shen , Kejie Huang

Large Vision Language Models show impressive performance across image and video understanding tasks, yet their computational cost grows rapidly with the number of visual tokens. Existing token pruning methods mitigate this issue through…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Dong-Jae Lee , Sunghyun Baek , Junmo Kim

The increasing prevalence of large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 in various applications has led to a surge in the size of prompts required for optimal performance, leading to challenges in computational efficiency. Prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Shivam Shandilya , Menglin Xia , Supriyo Ghosh , Huiqiang Jiang , Jue Zhang , Qianhui Wu , Victor Rühle

Equipping large language models (LLMs) with latent-space memory has attracted increasing attention as they can extend the context window of existing language models. However, retaining information from the distant past remains a challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yu Wang , Dmitry Krotov , Yuanzhe Hu , Yifan Gao , Wangchunshu Zhou , Julian McAuley , Dan Gutfreund , Rogerio Feris , Zexue He

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the field of natural language processing, achieving unprecedented performance across a variety of applications. However, their increased computational and memory demands present significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Yuhui Xu , Zhanming Jie , Hanze Dong , Lei Wang , Xudong Lu , Aojun Zhou , Amrita Saha , Caiming Xiong , Doyen Sahoo

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has emerged as one of the most challenging tasks in artificial intelligence due to its multi-modal nature. However, most existing VQA methods are incapable of handling Knowledge-based Visual Question…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Chengxiang Yin , Zhengping Che , Kun Wu , Zhiyuan Xu , Jian Tang

Embedding vectors are widely used for representing unstructured data and searching through it for semantically similar items. However, the large size of these vectors, due to their high-dimensionality, creates problems for modern vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Mariano Tepper , Ted Willke

The memory and computational demands of Key-Value (KV) cache present significant challenges for deploying long-context language models. Previous approaches attempt to mitigate this issue by selectively dropping tokens, which irreversibly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Hanlin Tang , Yang Lin , Jing Lin , Qingsen Han , Shikuan Hong , Yiwu Yao , Gongyi Wang

Generating long sequences of tokens given a long-context input is a very compute-intensive inference scenario for large language models (LLMs). One prominent inference speed-up approach is to construct a smaller key-value (KV) cache,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Fangyuan Xu , Tanya Goyal , Eunsol Choi

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel in visual-language tasks by leveraging numerous visual tokens for fine-grained visual information, but this token redundancy results in significant computational costs. Previous research aimed at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sihan Yang , Runsen Xu , Chenhang Cui , Tai Wang , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

Vision-and-language multi-modal pretraining and fine-tuning have shown great success in visual question answering (VQA). Compared to general domain VQA, the performance of biomedical VQA suffers from limited data. In this paper, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Zheng Yuan , Qiao Jin , Chuanqi Tan , Zhengyun Zhao , Hongyi Yuan , Fei Huang , Songfang Huang

The increasing size of the Key-Value (KV) cache during the Large Language Models long-context inference is the main obstacle for its balance between the deployment cost and task accuracy. To reduce the KV cache size in such scenarios, most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Manlai Liang , JiaMing Zhang , Xiong Li , Jinlong Li

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved significant success across various tasks. These models usually encode visual inputs into dense token sequences, which are then concatenated with textual tokens and jointly processed by a language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Hao Zhang , Mengsi Lyu , Chenrui He , Yulong Ao , Yonghua Lin

Visual instruction tuning aims to enable large language models to comprehend the visual world, with a pivotal challenge lying in establishing an effective vision-to-language projection. However, existing methods often grapple with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Bonan li , Zicheng Zhang , Songhua Liu , Weihao Yu , Xinchao Wang