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We analyze the expressivity of a universal deep neural network that can be organized as a series of nested qubit rotations, accomplished by adjustable data re-uploads. While the maximal expressive power increases with the depth of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-13 Iván Panadero , Yue Ban , Hilario Espinós , Ricardo Puebla , Jorge Casanova , Erik Torrontegui

Many engineering and scientific fields have recently become interested in modeling terms in partial differential equations (PDEs) with neural networks, which requires solving the inverse problem of learning neural network terms from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Konstantin Riedl , Justin Sirignano , Konstantinos Spiliopoulos

We study infinite limits of neural network quantum states ($\infty$-NNQS), which exhibit representation power through ensemble statistics, and also tractable gradient descent dynamics. Ensemble averages of Renyi entropies are expressed in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-29 Di Luo , James Halverson

The article discusses the development of various methods and techniques for initializing and training neural networks with a single hidden layer, as well as training a separable physics-informed neural network consisting of neural networks…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Vasiliy A. Es'kin , Alexey O. Malkhanov , Mikhail E. Smorkalov

Increasing the layer number of on-chip photonic neural networks (PNNs) is essential to improve its model performance. However, the successively cascading of network hidden layers results in larger integrated photonic chip areas. To address…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Yun Zhao , Hang Chen , Min Lin , Haiou Zhang , Tao Yan , Xing Lin , Ruqi Huang , Qionghai Dai

Task-based modeling with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) has emerged as a popular way to infer the computational function of different brain regions. These models are quantitatively assessed by comparing the low-dimensional neural…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-06 Niru Maheswaranathan , Alex H. Williams , Matthew D. Golub , Surya Ganguli , David Sussillo

Graph neural tangent kernels give a principled infinite-width theory for graph neural networks, but inherit a basic limitation of graph models: they see only pairwise structure. Many relational systems contain higher-order interactions that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sanjukta Krishnagopal

Recurrent neural networks (RNN) are simple dynamical systems whose computational power has been attributed to their short-term memory. Short-term memory of RNNs has been previously studied analytically only for the case of orthogonal…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-04-26 Alireza Goudarzi , Sarah Marzen , Peter Banda , Guy Feldman , Christof Teuscher , Darko Stefanovic

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) with attention mechanisms have obtained state-of-the-art results for many sequence processing tasks. Most of these models use a simple form of encoder with attention that looks over the entire sequence and…

Transformers have surpassed RNNs in popularity due to their superior abilities in parallel training and long-term dependency modeling. Recently, there has been a renewed interest in using linear RNNs for efficient sequence modeling. These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Zhen Qin , Songlin Yang , Yiran Zhong

A core technology that has emerged from the artificial intelligence revolution is the recurrent neural network (RNN). Its unique sequence-based architecture provides a tractable likelihood estimate with stable training paradigms, a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-07-01 Mohamed Hibat-Allah , Martin Ganahl , Lauren E. Hayward , Roger G. Melko , Juan Carrasquilla

Yang (2020a) recently showed that the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) at initialization has an infinite-width limit for a large class of architectures including modern staples such as ResNet and Transformers. However, their analysis does not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Greg Yang , Etai Littwin

Over the long history of machine learning, which dates back several decades, recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have been used mainly for sequential data and time series and generally with 1D information. Even in some rare studies on 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-05 Nguyen Huu Phong , Bernardete Ribeiro

This work develops a new method for estimating and optimizing the directed information rate between two jointly stationary and ergodic stochastic processes. Building upon recent advances in machine learning, we propose a recurrent neural…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Dor Tsur , Ziv Aharoni , Ziv Goldfeld , Haim Permuter

Recent research shows that for training with $\ell_2$ loss, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) whose width (number of channels in convolutional layers) goes to infinity correspond to regression with respect to the CNN Gaussian Process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-05 Zhiyuan Li , Ruosong Wang , Dingli Yu , Simon S. Du , Wei Hu , Ruslan Salakhutdinov , Sanjeev Arora

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) produce state-of-art performance on many machine learning tasks but their demand on resources in terms of memory and computational power are often high. Therefore, there is a great interest in optimizing the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2017-02-28 Joachim Ott , Zhouhan Lin , Ying Zhang , Shih-Chii Liu , Yoshua Bengio

Neural networks have attracted a lot of attention due to its success in applications such as natural language processing and computer vision. For large scale data, due to the tremendous number of parameters in neural networks, overfitting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-05 Xiaoxi Shen , Jinghang Lin

We introduce a deep residual recurrent neural network (DR-RNN) as an efficient model reduction technique for nonlinear dynamical systems. The developed DR-RNN is inspired by the iterative steps of line search methods in finding the residual…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2017-09-05 J. Nagoor Kani , Ahmed H. Elsheikh

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) laid the foundation for sequence modeling, but their intrinsic sequential nature restricts parallel computation, creating a fundamental barrier to scaling. This has led to the dominance of parallelizable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Federico Danieli , Pau Rodriguez , Miguel Sarabia , Xavier Suau , Luca Zappella

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are difficult to train on sequence processing tasks, not only because input noise may be amplified through feedback, but also because any inaccuracy in the weights has similar consequences as input noise. We…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Michael C. Mozer , Denis Kazakov , Robert V. Lindsey