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This paper presents a method for building a preconditioner for a kernel ridge regression problem, where the preconditioner is not only effective in its ability to reduce the condition number substantially, but also efficient in its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Gil Shabat , Era Choshen , Dvir Ben Or , Nadav Carmel

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance in language tasks but face two significant bottlenecks: (1) quadratic complexity in the attention module as the number of tokens increases, and (2) limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Haoran You , Yichao Fu , Zheng Wang , Amir Yazdanbakhsh , Yingyan Celine Lin

We apply a fast kernel method for mask-based single-channel speech enhancement. Specifically, our method solves a kernel regression problem associated to a non-smooth kernel function (exponential power kernel) with a highly efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-07 Like Hui , Siyuan Ma , Mikhail Belkin

We propose a novel method for applying Transformer models to extractive question answering (QA) tasks. Recently, pretrained generative sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) models have achieved great success in question answering. Contributing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-14 Peng Xu , Davis Liang , Zhiheng Huang , Bing Xiang

Auto-regressive models (ARMs) have established a dominant paradigm in language modeling. However, their strictly sequential decoding paradigm imposes fundamental constraints on both inference efficiency and modeling flexibility. To address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Yuyan Zhou , Kai Syun Hou , Weiyu Chen , James Kwok

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have shown promising accuracy improvements on complex problem-solving tasks. While these models have attained high accuracy by leveraging additional computation at test time, they need to generate long…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Coleman Hooper , Sebastian Zhao , Luca Manolache , Sehoon Kim , Michael W. Mahoney , Yakun Sophia Shao , Kurt Keutzer , Amir Gholami

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in generative applications such as chatting, code generation, and reasoning. However, many realworld workloads such as classification, question answering, recommendation, and text embedding rely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Dinghong Song , Yuan Feng , Yiwei Wang , Shangye Chen , Cyril Guyot , Filip Blagojevic , Hyeran Jeon , Pengfei Su , Dong Li

Attention based Transformer architecture has enabled significant advances in the field of natural language processing. In addition to new pre-training techniques, recent improvements crucially rely on working with a relatively larger…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Srinadh Bhojanapalli , Chulhee Yun , Ankit Singh Rawat , Sashank J. Reddi , Sanjiv Kumar

Transformer is a powerful architecture that achieves superior performance on various sequence learning tasks, including neural machine translation, language understanding, and sequence prediction. At the core of the Transformer is the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Yao-Hung Hubert Tsai , Shaojie Bai , Makoto Yamada , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Transformer-based models have emerged as one of the most widely used architectures for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation. The size of the state-of-the-art models has increased steadily reaching…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Rya Sanovar , Srikant Bharadwaj , Renee St. Amant , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

Pre-trained language models (PLM) have demonstrated their effectiveness for a broad range of information retrieval and natural language processing tasks. As the core part of PLM, multi-head self-attention is appealing for its ability to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Shanshan Wang , Zhumin Chen , Zhaochun Ren , Huasheng Liang , Qiang Yan , Pengjie Ren

The success of Transformer-based Language Models (LMs) stems from their attention mechanism. While this mechanism has been extensively studied in explainability research, particularly through the attention values obtained during the forward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Shahar Katz , Lior Wolf

The self-attention mechanism, at the heart of the Transformer model, is able to effectively model pairwise interactions between tokens. However, numerous recent works have shown that it is unable to perform basic tasks involving detecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Sayak Chakrabarti , Toniann Pitassi , Josh Alman

The attention model has become a standard component in neural machine translation (NMT) and it guides translation process by selectively focusing on parts of the source sentence when predicting each target word. However, we find that the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-31 Long Zhou , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

Neural attention has become central to many state-of-the-art models in natural language processing and related domains. Attention networks are an easy-to-train and effective method for softly simulating alignment; however, the approach does…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-11-09 Yuntian Deng , Yoon Kim , Justin Chiu , Demi Guo , Alexander M. Rush

Transformer architectures are now central to sequence modeling tasks. At its heart is the attention mechanism, which enables effective modeling of long-term dependencies in a sequence. Recently, transformers have been successfully applied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Lin Zheng , Huijie Pan , Lingpeng Kong

Kernel matrices, as well as weighted graphs represented by them, are ubiquitous objects in machine learning, statistics and other related fields. The main drawback of using kernel methods (learning and inference using kernel matrices) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Ainesh Bakshi , Piotr Indyk , Praneeth Kacham , Sandeep Silwal , Samson Zhou

Accommodating long sequences efficiently in autoregressive Transformers, especially within an extended context window, poses significant challenges due to the quadratic computational complexity and substantial KV memory requirements…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Chao Lou , Zixia Jia , Zilong Zheng , Kewei Tu

We extend sequence-to-sequence models with the possibility to control the characteristics or style of the generated output, via attention that is generated a priori (before decoding) from a latent code vector. After training an initial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-26 Lucas Sterckx , Johannes Deleu , Chris Develder , Thomas Demeester

Attention layers are the core component of transformers, the current state-of-the-art neural network architecture. Alternatives to softmax-based attention are being explored due to its tendency to hinder effective information flow. Even at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Thiziri Nait Saada , Alireza Naderi , Jared Tanner