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Large reasoning models (LRMs) excel on complex problems but face a critical barrier to efficiency: reinforcement learning (RL) training requires long rollouts for outcome-based rewards, where autoregressive decoding dominates time and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Zeliang Zhang , Xiaodong Liu , Hao Cheng , Hao Sun , Chenliang Xu , Jianfeng Gao

Data selection for finetuning Large Language Models (LLMs) can be framed as a budget-constrained optimization problem: maximizing a model's downstream performance under a strict training data budget. Solving this problem is generally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Animesh Jha , Harshit Gupta , Ananjan Nandi

The limited context window of contemporary large language models (LLMs) remains a primary bottleneck for their broader application across diverse domains. Although continual pre-training on long-context data offers a straightforward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Wei Han , Pan Zhou , Soujanya Poria , Shuicheng Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have advanced rapidly but face significant memory demands. While quantization has shown promise for LLMs, current methods typically require lengthy training to alleviate the performance degradation from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ke Yi , Yuhui Xu , Heng Chang , Chen Tang , Yuan Meng , Tong Zhang , Jia Li

Large language models have recently shown promise for multimodal recommendation, particularly with text and image inputs. Yet real-world recommendation signals extend far beyond these modalities. To reflect this, we formalize recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zijie Lei , Tao Feng , Zhigang Hua , Yan Xie , Guanyu Lin , Shuang Yang , Ge Liu , Jiaxuan You

With the deluge of information delivered by the daily news cycle, there is a growing need to effectively and efficiently summarize news feeds for quick consumption. We leverage large language models (LLMs), with their advanced learning and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Che Guan , Andrew Chin , Puya Vahabi

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) for recommendation in a generative manner has delivered promising results, but encounters significant inference overhead due to autoregressive decoding in the language space. This work explores…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Chengbing Wang , Yang Zhang , Zhicheng Wang , Tianhao Shi , Keqin Bao , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Generative recommendation has recently emerged as a promising paradigm for sequential recommendation. It formulates the task as an autoregressive generation process, predicting tokens of the next item conditioned on user interaction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuanqing Yu , Yifan Wang , Weizhi Ma , Zhiqiang Guo , Min Zhang

The extent to which text-only language models (LMs) learn to represent features of the non-linguistic world is an open question. Prior work has shown that pretrained LMs can be taught to caption images when a vision model's parameters are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Jack Merullo , Louis Castricato , Carsten Eickhoff , Ellie Pavlick

Efficient finetuning of large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt the LLMs with reduced computational and memory cost. Previous LoRA-based approaches initialize the low-rank matrices with Gaussian distribution and zero values while keeping…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Hanqing Wang , Yixia Li , Shuo Wang , Guanhua Chen , Yun Chen

Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) have advanced Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks significantly, but finetuning PLMs on low-resource datasets poses significant challenges such as instability and overfitting. Previous methods tackle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Sai Ashish Somayajula , Youwei Liang , Abhishek Singh , Li Zhang , Pengtao Xie

Text detoxification, a variant of style transfer tasks, finds useful applications in online social media. This work presents a fine-tuning method that only uses non-parallel data to turn large language models (LLM) into a detoxification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Xinhong Xie , Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

A goal-conditioned reinforcement learning agent exploring an environment will see a wealth of information throughout a trajectory, most of which is discarded when only performing on-policy updates with respect to the commanded goal.…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of information retrieval, particularly for reranking. Listwise LLM rerankers have showcased superior performance and generalizability compared to existing supervised…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Revanth Gangi Reddy , JaeHyeok Doo , Yifei Xu , Md Arafat Sultan , Deevya Swain , Avirup Sil , Heng Ji

Recently, foundation models such as OpenAI's O1 and O3, along with DeepSeek's R1, have demonstrated strong reasoning capacities and problem-solving skills acquired through large-scale reinforcement learning (RL), with wide applications in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Tianbing Xu

This paper proposes a novel framework for delay-tolerant particle filtering that is computationally efficient and has limited memory requirements. Within this framework the informativeness of a delayed (out-of-sequence) measurement (OOSM)…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-20 Boris N. Oreshkin , Xuan Liu , Mark J. Coates

How to reduce compute and memory requirements of neural networks (NNs) without sacrificing performance? Many recent works use sparse Mixtures of Experts (MoEs) to build resource-efficient large language models (LMs). Here we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Unified multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) that can both understand and generate visual content hold immense potential. However, existing open-source models often suffer from a performance trade-off between these capabilities. We…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of reasoning tasks. Recent methods have further improved LLM performance in complex mathematical reasoning. However, when extending these methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Chen He , Xun Jiang , Lei Wang , Hao Yang , Chong Peng , Peng Yan , Fumin Shen , Xing Xu

Online fake news moderation now faces a new challenge brought by the malicious use of large language models (LLMs) in fake news production. Though existing works have shown LLM-generated fake news is hard to detect from an individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Beizhe Hu , Qiang Sheng , Juan Cao , Yang Li , Danding Wang