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Semi-supervised learning (semi-SL) is a promising alternative to supervised learning for medical image analysis when obtaining good quality supervision for medical imaging is difficult. However, semi-SL assumes that the underlying…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Nikhil Cherian Kurian , Varsha S , Abhijit Patil , Shashikant Khade , Amit Sethi

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) constructs classifiers using both labelled and unlabelled data. It leverages information from labelled samples, whose acquisition is often costly or labour-intensive, together with unlabelled data to enhance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Jinran Wu , You-Gan Wang , Geoffrey J. McLachlan

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has witnessed remarkable progress, resulting in the emergence of numerous method variations. However, practitioners often encounter challenges when attempting to deploy these methods due to their subpar…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Kai Gan , Tong Wei

In many modern machine learning applications, the outcome is expensive or time-consuming to collect while the predictor information is easy to obtain. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims at utilizing large amounts of `unlabeled' data along…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-11-16 Jessica Gronsbell , Tianxi Cai

The development of semi-supervised learning (SSL) has in recent years largely focused on the development of new consistency regularization or entropy minimization approaches, often resulting in models with complex training strategies to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Durgesh Singh , Ahcene Boubekki , Robert Jenssen , Michael C. Kampffmeyer

Current 3D semi-supervised segmentation methods face significant challenges such as limited consideration of contextual information and the inability to generate reliable pseudo-labels for effective unsupervised data use. To address these…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sanaz Karimijafarbigloo , Reza Azad , Yury Velichko , Ulas Bagci , Dorit Merhof

Remote sensing projects typically generate large amounts of imagery that can be used to train powerful deep neural networks. However, the amount of labeled images is often small, as remote sensing applications generally require expert…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Maximilian Bernhard , Tanveer Hannan , Niklas Strauß , Matthias Schubert

Federated Semi-supervised Learning (FedSSL) has emerged as a new paradigm for allowing distributed clients to collaboratively train a machine learning model over scarce labeled data and abundant unlabeled data. However, existing works for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-02 Jie Zhang , Xiaosong Ma , Song Guo , Wenchao Xu

Recent work has shown that using unlabeled data in semi-supervised learning is not always beneficial and can even hurt generalization, especially when there is a class mismatch between the unlabeled and labeled examples. We investigate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-07 Michał Zając , Konrad Zolna , Stanisław Jastrzębski

Few-shot image classification aims to classify unseen classes with limited labelled samples. Recent works benefit from the meta-learning process with episodic tasks and can fast adapt to class from training to testing. Due to the limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-24 Da Chen , Yuefeng Chen , Yuhong Li , Feng Mao , Yuan He , Hui Xue

The capability of the traditional semi-supervised learning (SSL) methods is far from real-world application due to severely biased pseudo-labels caused by (1) class imbalance and (2) class distribution mismatch between labeled and unlabeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Youngtaek Oh , Dong-Jin Kim , In So Kweon

In this study, a novel idea, Uncertainty Structure Estimation (USE), a lightweight, algorithm-agnostic procedure that emphasizes the often-overlooked role of unlabeled data quality is introduced for Semi-supervised learning (SSL). SSL has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tsao-Lun Chen , Chien-Liang Liu , Tzu-Ming Harry Hsu , Tai-Hsien Wu , Chi-Cheng Fu , Han-Yi E. Chou , Shun-Feng Su

Most existing few-shot learning (FSL) methods require a large amount of labeled data in meta-training, which is a major limit. To reduce the requirement of labels, a semi-supervised meta-training (SSMT) setting has been proposed for FSL,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Xingping Dong , Tianran Ouyang , Shengcai Liao , Bo Du , Ling Shao

The past few years have witnessed a remarkable advance in deep learning for EEG-based sleep stage classification (SSC). However, the success of these models is attributed to possessing a massive amount of labeled data for training, limiting…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Emadeldeen Eldele , Mohamed Ragab , Zhenghua Chen , Min Wu , Chee-Keong Kwoh , Xiaoli Li

To improve instance-level detection/segmentation performance, existing self-supervised and semi-supervised methods extract either task-unrelated or task-specific training signals from unlabeled data. We show that these two approaches, at…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Lu Qi , Jason Kuen , Zhe Lin , Jiuxiang Gu , Fengyun Rao , Dian Li , Weidong Guo , Zhen Wen , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Jiaya Jia

Minimizing prediction uncertainty on unlabeled data is a key factor to achieve good performance in semi-supervised learning (SSL). The prediction uncertainty is typically expressed as the \emph{entropy} computed by the transformed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jing Li , Yuangang Pan , Ivor W. Tsang

Improving a semi-supervised image segmentation task has the option of adding more unlabelled images, labelling the unlabelled images or combining both, as neither image acquisition nor expert labelling can be considered trivial in most…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-23 Yunguan Fu , Maria R. Robu , Bongjin Koo , Crispin Schneider , Stijn van Laarhoven , Danail Stoyanov , Brian Davidson , Matthew J. Clarkson , Yipeng Hu

We explore the impact of training with more diverse datasets, characterized by the number of unique samples, on the performance of self-supervised learning (SSL) under a fixed computational budget. Our findings consistently demonstrate that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Hasan Abed Al Kader Hammoud , Tuhin Das , Fabio Pizzati , Philip Torr , Adel Bibi , Bernard Ghanem

Real-world data is often ambiguous; for example, human annotation produces instances with multiple conflicting class labels. Partial-label learning (PLL) aims at training a classifier in this challenging setting, where each instance is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Tobias Fuchs , Florian Kalinke

Active learning (AL) combines data labeling and model training to minimize the labeling cost by prioritizing the selection of high value data that can best improve model performance. In pool-based active learning, accessible unlabeled data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-21 Mingfei Gao , Zizhao Zhang , Guo Yu , Sercan O. Arik , Larry S. Davis , Tomas Pfister