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We present the soft exponential activation function for artificial neural networks that continuously interpolates between logarithmic, linear, and exponential functions. This activation function is simple, differentiable, and parameterized…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-02-04 Luke B. Godfrey , Michael S. Gashler

This paper introduces a significantly better class of activation functions than the almost universally used ReLU like and Sigmoidal class of activation functions. Two new activation functions referred to as the Cone and Parabolic-Cone that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Mathew Mithra Noel , Yug Oswal

Despite broad interest in applying deep learning techniques to scientific discovery, learning interpretable formulas that accurately describe scientific data is very challenging because of the vast landscape of possible functions and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Fuchang Gao , Boyu Zhang

Common nonlinear activation functions used in neural networks can cause training difficulties due to the saturation behavior of the activation function, which may hide dependencies that are not visible to vanilla-SGD (using first order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-04-05 Caglar Gulcehre , Marcin Moczulski , Misha Denil , Yoshua Bengio

Deep learning is currently extensively employed across a range of research domains. The continuous advancements in deep learning techniques contribute to solving intricate challenges. Activation functions (AF) are fundamental components…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Asmaa Benchama , Khalid Zebbara

In this work, we propose activation functions for neuronal networks that are refinable and sum the identity. This new class of activation functions allows the insertion of new layers between existing ones and/or the increase of neurons in a…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-07 Sergio López-Ureña

Recent research has found that the activation function (AF) selected for adding non-linearity into the output can have a big impact on how effectively deep learning networks perform. Developing activation functions that can adapt…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Ashish Rajanand , Pradeep Singh

Convolutional networks are large linear systems divided into layers and connected by non-linear units. These units are the "articulations" that allow the network to adapt to the input. To understand how a network manages to solve a problem…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Pablo Navarrete Michelini , Hanwen Liu , Yunhua Lu , Xingqun Jiang

Latent Action Models (LAMs) have rapidly gained traction as an important component in the pre-training pipelines of leading Vision-Language-Action models. However, they fail when observations contain action-correlated distractors, often…

To enhance the nonlinearity of neural networks and increase their mapping abilities between the inputs and response variables, activation functions play a crucial role to model more complex relationships and patterns in the data. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Haigen Hu , Aizhu Liu , Qiu Guan , Xiaoxin Li , Shengyong Chen , Qianwei Zhou

In contemporary large language models (LLMs), the swish-gated linear unit (SwiGLU) activation function is widely adopted to regulate the information flow and introduce non-linearity. For large positive inputs, SwiGLU approximates the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peijie Jiang , Yuqi Feng , Cunyin Peng , Qian Zhao , Jia Liu , KunLong Chen , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou

In the last decade, the interest to emulation of the functionality and structure of the human brain to solve the problems related to image processing and pattern recognition, especially using to Artificial Neural Network (ANN), has…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2019-08-28 Bexultan Nursultan , Olga Krestinskaya

We evaluate whether features extracted from the activation of a deep convolutional network trained in a fully supervised fashion on a large, fixed set of object recognition tasks can be re-purposed to novel generic tasks. Our generic tasks…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2013-10-08 Jeff Donahue , Yangqing Jia , Oriol Vinyals , Judy Hoffman , Ning Zhang , Eric Tzeng , Trevor Darrell

Many neural network architectures rely on the choice of the activation function for each hidden layer. Given the activation function, the neural network is trained over the bias and the weight parameters. The bias catches the center of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Farnoush Farhadi , Vahid Partovi Nia , Andrea Lodi

Linear classifier probes are frequently utilized to better understand how neural networks function. Researchers have approached the problem of determining unit importance in neural networks by probing their learned, internal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Lucas Hayne , Abhijit Suresh , Hunar Jain , Rahul Kumar , R. McKell Carter

In this paper, we propose a convolutional layer inspired by optical flow algorithms to learn motion representations. Our representation flow layer is a fully-differentiable layer designed to capture the `flow' of any representation channel…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-05 AJ Piergiovanni , Michael S. Ryoo

Understanding how deep neural networks learn useful internal representations from data remains a central open problem in the theory of deep learning. We introduce Neural Low-Degree Filtering (Neural LoFi), a stylized limit of gradient-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Yatin Dandi , Matteo Vilucchio , Luca Arnaboldi , Hugo Tabanelli , Florent Krzakala

We introduce an electro-optic hardware platform for nonlinear activation functions in optical neural networks. The optical-to-optical nonlinearity operates by converting a small portion of the input optical signal into an analog electric…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-09 Ian A. D. Williamson , Tyler W. Hughes , Momchil Minkov , Ben Bartlett , Sunil Pai , Shanhui Fan

Lipschitz-constrained neural networks have several advantages over unconstrained ones and can be applied to a variety of problems, making them a topic of attention in the deep learning community. Unfortunately, it has been shown both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Stanislas Ducotterd , Alexis Goujon , Pakshal Bohra , Dimitris Perdios , Sebastian Neumayer , Michael Unser

Recent Progress has shown that exploitation of hidden layer neurons in convolution neural networks incorporating with a carefully designed activation function can yield better classification results in the field of computer vision. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-10 Zhi Chen , Pin-han Ho