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Single-photon-avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays are essential tools in biophotonics, optical ranging and sensing and quantum optics. However, their small number of pixels, low quantum efficiency and small fill factor have so far hindered their…
This work presents stochastic approaches to model the counting behavior of actively quenched single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) subjected to continuous-wave constant illumination. We present both analytical expressions and simulation…
Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are a rapidly developing image sensing technology with extreme low-light sensitivity and picosecond timing resolution. These unique capabilities have enabled SPADs to be used in applications like…
Single-photon detectors are a pivotal component in photonic quantum technologies. A precise and comprehensive calibration of the intrinsic detection efficiency is of utmost importance to ensure the proper evaluation of the performance in…
Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are an emerging technology with a unique capability of capturing individual photons with high timing precision. SPADs are being used in several active imaging systems (e.g., fluorescence lifetime…
We report on the first demonstration of fluorescence detection using single-photon avalanche photodiodes (SPADs) monolithically integrated with a microfabricated surface ion trap. The SPADs are positioned below the trapping positions of the…
Temporal photon correlation measurement, instrumental to probing the quantum properties of light, typically requires multiple single photon detectors. Progress in single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array technology highlights their…
Single photon detection is important for a wide range of low-light applications, including quantum information processing, spectroscopy, and light detection and ranging (LiDAR). A key challenge in these applications has been to integrate…
Silicon single-photon detectors (Si SPDs) play a crucial role in detecting single photons in the visible spectrum. For various applications, photon detection efficiency (PDE) is the most critical characteristic for effectively collecting…
A near-infrared (NIR) enhanced silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) fabricated in a customized 0.13 $\mu$m CMOS technology is presented. The SPAD has a depleted absorption volume of approximately 15 $\mu$m x 15 $\mu$m x 18 $\mu$m.…
High-resolution 3D tracking with sub-nanosecond timing is required for the detection of elementary particles, such as neutrinos. Conventional detectors, which utilize analog silicon photomultipliers, face challenges in balancing spatial…
Current count-rate models for single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) typically assume an instantaneous recovery of the quantum efficiency following dead-time, leading to a systematic overestimation of the effective detection efficiency for…
Single-photon avalanche detectors (SPADs) have enabled various applications in emerging photonic quantum information technologies in recent years. However, despite many efforts to improve SPAD's performance, the design of SPADs remained…
Active 3D imaging systems have broad applications across disciplines, including biological imaging, remote sensing and robotics. Applications in these domains require fast acquisition times, high timing resolution, and high detection…
Photonic quantum technologies promise a revolution of the world of information processing, from simulation and computing to communication and sensing, thanks to the many advantages of exploiting single photons as quantum information…
Spatial correlations between two photons are the key resource in realising many quantum imaging schemes. Measurement of the bi-photon correlation map is typically performed using single-point scanning detectors or single-photon cameras…
In this work we investigate the probabilities of detecting single- and multi-photon coherent states on InGaAs/InP sine-gated and free-run single-photon avalanche diodes. As a result, we conclude that multi-photon state detection cannot be…
Silicon single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a core device for single-photon detection in the visible and the near-infrared range, and widely used in many applications. However, due to limits of the structure design and device…
Single-photon detection is an invaluable tool for many applications ranging from basic research to consumer electronics. In this respect, the Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) plays a key role in enabling a broad diffusion of these…
We give an analytic treatment of the time resolution and efficiency of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) and Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). We provide closed-form expressions for structures with uniform electric fields and efficient…