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Related papers: Towards more scientific meta-analyses

200 papers

Estimating treatment effects conditional on observed covariates can improve the ability to tailor treatments to particular individuals. Doing so effectively requires dealing with potential confounding, and also enough data to adequately…

Exponential growth in scientific literature has heightened the demand for efficient evidence-based synthesis, driving the rise of the field of Automated Meta-analysis (AMA) powered by natural language processing and machine learning. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Lingbo Li , Anuradha Mathrani , Teo Susnjak

To answer the call of introducing more Bayesian techniques to organizational research (e.g., Kruschke, Aguinis, & Joo, 2012; Zyphur & Oswald, 2013), we propose a Bayesian approach for meta-analysis with power prior in this article. The…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-30 Zhiyong Zhang , Kaifeng Jiang , Haiyan Liu , In-Sue Oh

Estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects is an active area of research. Most of the existing methods, however, focus on estimating the conditional average treatment effects of a single, binary treatment given a set of pre-treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-30 Max Goplerud , Kosuke Imai , Nicole E. Pashley

Evidence-based education has become a central concept in science education, with meta-analyses often regarded as the gold standard for informing practice. This emphasis raises critical questions concerning the applicability,…

Physics Education · Physics 2026-02-06 Christoph Kulgemeyer , Anna Weißbach , Kasim Costan , David Geelan , David Treagust

Mediation analysis is a statistical approach that can provide insights regarding the intermediary processes by which an intervention or exposure affects a given outcome. Mediation analyses rose to prominence, particularly in social science…

Counterfactual explanations are a widely used approach in Explainable AI, offering actionable insights into decision-making by illustrating how small changes to input data can lead to different outcomes. Despite their importance, evaluating…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Marharyta Domnich , Rasmus Moorits Veski , Julius Välja , Kadi Tulver , Raul Vicente

While methods for measuring and correcting differential performance in risk prediction models have proliferated in recent years, most existing techniques can only be used to assess fairness across relatively large subgroups. The purpose of…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-30 Solvejg Wastvedt , Jared D Huling , Julian Wolfson

Quantitative evidence synthesis methods aim to combine data from multiple medical trials to infer relative effects of different interventions. A challenge arises when trials report continuous outcomes on different measurement scales. To…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-02-29 Annabel L Davies , A E Ades , Julian PT Higgins

Systematic reviews provide comprehensive syntheses of research fields. As a result, systematic reviews often emphasize synthesizing across the large bodies of literature rather than just describing the studies from which the conclusions…

Bayesian inference is on the rise, partly because it allows researchers to quantify parameter uncertainty, evaluate evidence for competing hypotheses, incorporate model ambiguity, and seamlessly update knowledge as information accumulates.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-09-15 František Bartoš , Eric-Jan Wagenmakers

Case-mix heterogeneity across studies complicates meta-analyses. As a result of this, treatments that are equally effective on patient subgroups may appear to have different effectiveness on patient populations with different case mix. It…

Applications · Statistics 2021-08-25 Tat-Thang Vo , Raphael Porcher , Anna Chaimani , Stijn Vansteelandt

Several multi-target regression methods were devel-oped in the last years aiming at improving predictive performanceby exploring inter-target correlation within the problem. However, none of these methods outperforms the others for all…

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in many machine learning tasks such as image classification, speech recognition, and game playing. However, these breakthroughs are often difficult to translate into real-world engineering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Lisha Chen , Sharu Theresa Jose , Ivana Nikoloska , Sangwoo Park , Tianyi Chen , Osvaldo Simeone

To estimate the causal effect of an intervention, researchers need to identify a control group that represents what might have happened to the treatment group in the absence of that intervention. This is challenging without a randomized…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-20 Robert Pickett , Jennifer Hill , Sarah Cowan

We outline a Bayesian model-averaged meta-analysis for standardized mean differences in order to quantify evidence for both treatment effectiveness $\delta$ and across-study heterogeneity $\tau$. We construct four competing models by…

Measuring treatment effects in observational studies is challenging because of confounding bias. Confounding occurs when a variable affects both the treatment and the outcome. Traditional methods such as propensity score matching estimate…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-23 Bevan I. Smith , Charles Chimedza

Meta-analyses are commonly used to provide solid evidence across numerous studies. Traditional moment methods, such as the DerSimonian-Laird method, remain popular in spite of the availability of more accurate alternatives. While moment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-12-06 Keisuke Hanada , Tomoyuki Sugimoto

Commonly, clinical trials report effects not only for the full study population but also for patient subgroups. Meta-analyses of subgroup-specific effects and treatment-by-subgroup interactions may be inconsistent, especially when trials…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-23 Renato Panaro , Christian Röver , Tim Friede

High-quality computer science education is limited by the difficulty of providing instructor feedback to students at scale. While this feedback could in principle be automated, supervised approaches to predicting the correct feedback are…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-10-05 Mike Wu , Noah Goodman , Chris Piech , Chelsea Finn