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The choice of approximate posterior distribution is one of the core problems in variational inference. Most applications of variational inference employ simple families of posterior approximations in order to allow for efficient inference,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-06-15 Danilo Jimenez Rezende , Shakir Mohamed

Tabular regression is a well-studied problem with numerous industrial applications, yet most existing approaches focus on point estimation, often leading to overconfident predictions. This issue is particularly critical in industrial…

We propose an algorithm to estimate the path-gradient of both the reverse and forward Kullback-Leibler divergence for an arbitrary manifestly invertible normalizing flow. The resulting path-gradient estimators are straightforward to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Lorenz Vaitl , Kim A. Nicoli , Shinichi Nakajima , Pan Kessel

Stochastic normalizing flows are a class of deep generative models that combine normalizing flows with Monte Carlo updates and can be used in lattice field theory to sample from Boltzmann distributions. In this proceeding, we outline the…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2022-10-10 Michele Caselle , Elia Cellini , Alessandro Nada , Marco Panero

Normalizing flows are a class of generative models that enable exact likelihood evaluation. While these models have already found various applications in particle physics, normalizing flows are not flexible enough to model many of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-09-07 Rob Verheyen

Despite their advantages, normalizing flows generally suffer from several shortcomings including their tendency to generate unrealistic data (e.g., images) and their failing to detect out-of-distribution data. One reason for these…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-07-13 Florentin Coeurdoux , Nicolas Dobigeon , Pierre Chainais

Numerous applications of machine learning involve representing probability distributions over high-dimensional data. We propose autoregressive quantile flows, a flexible class of normalizing flow models trained using a novel objective based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Phillip Si , Allan Bishop , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Normalizing flows are powerful non-parametric statistical models that function as a hybrid between density estimators and generative models. Current learning algorithms for normalizing flows assume that data points are sampled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Matthias Kirchler , Christoph Lippert , Marius Kloft

The numerical flow iteration method has recently been proposed as a memory-slim solution method for the Vlasov--Poisson system. It stores the temporal evolution of the electric field and reconstructs the solution in each time step by…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Rostislav-Paul Wilhelm , Katharina Kormann

By providing a simple and efficient way of computing low-variance gradients of continuous random variables, the reparameterization trick has become the technique of choice for training a variety of latent variable models. However, it is not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Michael Figurnov , Shakir Mohamed , Andriy Mnih

Normalizing flow-based sampling methods have been successful in tackling computational challenges traditionally associated with simulating lattice quantum field theories. Further works have incorporated gauge and translational invariance of…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2023-04-05 Dinesh P. R.

Normalizing Flows are generative models that directly maximize the likelihood. Previously, the design of normalizing flows was largely constrained by the need for analytical invertibility. We overcome this constraint by a training procedure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Felix Draxler , Peter Sorrenson , Lea Zimmermann , Armand Rousselot , Ullrich Köthe

Normalizing Flows (NFs) are widely used in deep generative models for their exact likelihood estimation and efficient sampling. However, they require substantial memory since the latent space matches the input dimension. Multi-scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Wei Chen , Shian Du , Shigui Li , Delu Zeng , John Paisley

We present a flow-based method for simulating and calculating nucleation rates of first-order phase transitions in scalar field theory on a lattice. Motivated by recent advancements in machine learning tools, particularly normalizing flows…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-05-30 Yang Bai , Ting-Kuo Chen

Flow-based generative modeling is a powerful tool for solving inverse problems in physical sciences that can be used for sampling and likelihood evaluation with much lower inference times than traditional methods. We propose to refine flows…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Benjamin Holzschuh , Nils Thuerey

The gradient-flow formalism is applied to a non-Abelian gauge theory with scalar and fermionic particles, dubbed "scalar QCD". It is shown that the flowed scalar quark requires a field renormalization, albeit only beyond the one-loop level.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-03-26 J. Borgulat , N. Felten , R. V. Harlander , J. T. Kohnen

Machine Learning Force Fields (MLFFs) are a promising alternative to expensive ab initio quantum mechanical molecular simulations. Given the diversity of chemical spaces that are of interest and the cost of generating new data, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Tobias Kreiman , Aditi S. Krishnapriyan

We propose two new evaluation metrics to assess realness of generated images based on normalizing flows: a simpler and efficient flow-based likelihood distance (FLD) and a more exact dual-flow based likelihood distance (D-FLD). Because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Pranav Jeevan , Neeraj Nixon , Amit Sethi

The ability to learn multi-modal action distributions is indispensable for robotic manipulation policies to perform precise and robust control. Flow-based generative models have recently emerged as a promising solution to learning…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Guowei Zou , Haitao Wang , Hejun Wu , Yukun Qian , Yuhang Wang , Weibing Li

Generating high-quality time-series data is challenging because real-world signals often exhibit multimodal patterns and multiscale dynamics, including oscillations and high-frequency variations. Flow Matching (FM) offers an efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Junru Zhang , Lang Feng , Jinbo Wang , Xu Guo , Yucheng Wang , Han Yu , Min Wu , Yabo Dong , Duanqing Xu
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