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Recent theoretical studies (Kou et al., 2023; Cao et al., 2022) have revealed a sharp phase transition from benign to harmful overfitting when the noise-to-feature ratio exceeds a threshold-a situation common in long-tailed data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Ruichen Xu , Kexin Chen

When trained with severely imbalanced data, deep neural networks often struggle to accurately recognize classes with only a few samples. Previous studies in long-tailed recognition have attempted to rebalance biased learning using known…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Minseok Son , Inyong Koo , Jinyoung Park , Changick Kim

Long-tailed image recognition presents massive challenges to deep learning systems since the imbalance between majority (head) classes and minority (tail) classes severely skews the data-driven deep neural networks. Previous methods tackle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Yue Xu , Yong-Lu Li , Jiefeng Li , Cewu Lu

Training data for class-conditional image synthesis often exhibit a long-tailed distribution with limited images for tail classes. Such an imbalance causes mode collapse and reduces the diversity of synthesized images for tail classes. For…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Fang Chen , Alex Villa , Gongbo Liang , Xiaoyi Lu , Meng Tang

Classifiers trained with class-imbalanced data are known to perform poorly on test data of the "minor" classes, of which we have insufficient training data. In this paper, we investigate learning a ConvNet classifier under such a scenario.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Han-Jia Ye , Hong-You Chen , De-Chuan Zhan , Wei-Lun Chao

In the real world, long-tailed data distributions are prevalent, making it challenging for models to effectively learn and classify tail classes. However, we discover that in the field of drug chemistry, certain tail classes exhibit higher…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yujia Su , Xinjie Li , Lionel Z. Wang

In the realm of practical fine-grained visual classification applications rooted in deep learning, a common scenario involves training a model using a pre-existing dataset. Subsequently, a new dataset becomes available, prompting the desire…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Zheming Zuo , Joseph Smith , Jonathan Stonehouse , Boguslaw Obara

Balancing performance trade-off on long-tail (LT) data distributions remains a long-standing challenge. In this paper, we posit that this dilemma stems from a phenomenon called "tail performance degradation" (the model tends to severely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Shenghan Chen , Yiming Liu , Yanzhen Wang , Yujia Wang , Xiankai Lu

Real-world visual recognition problems often exhibit long-tailed distributions, where the amount of data for learning in different categories shows significant imbalance. Standard classification models learned on such data distribution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Chi Zhang , Guosheng Lin , Lvlong Lai , Henghui Ding , Qingyao Wu

Balancing training on long-tail data distributions remains a long-standing challenge in deep learning. While methods such as re-weighting and re-sampling help alleviate the imbalance issue, limited sample diversity continues to hinder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shizhen Zhao , Xin Wen , Jiahui Liu , Chuofan Ma , Chunfeng Yuan , Xiaojuan Qi

Deep neural networks frequently suffer from performance degradation when the training data is long-tailed because several majority classes dominate the training, resulting in a biased model. Recent studies have made a great effort in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Mengke Li , Yiu-ming Cheung , Juyong Jiang

Training of deep neural networks heavily depends on the data distribution. In particular, the networks easily suffer from class imbalance. The trained networks would recognize the frequent classes better than the infrequent classes. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Byungju Kim , Junmo Kim

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) struggle with numerical regression under long-tailed target distributions. Token-level supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and point-wise regression rewards bias learning toward high-density regions,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yao Du , Shanshan Song , Xiaomeng Li

Class imbalance poses a challenge for developing unbiased, accurate predictive models. In particular, in image segmentation neural networks may overfit to the foreground samples from small structures, which are often heavily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Zeju Li , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Ben Glocker

In real-world data, long-tailed data distribution is common, making it challenging for models trained on empirical risk minimisation to learn and classify tail classes effectively. While many studies have sought to improve long tail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Ziheng Wang , Toni Lassila , Sharib Ali

Real-world data is extremely imbalanced and presents a long-tailed distribution, resulting in models that are biased towards classes with sufficient samples and perform poorly on rare classes. Recent methods propose to rebalance classes but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Weiqi Li , Fan Lyu , Fanhua Shang , Liang Wan , Wei Feng

Addressing sensor drift is essential in industrial measurement systems, where precise data output is necessary for maintaining accuracy and reliability in monitoring processes, as it progressively degrades the performance of machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Melanie Schaller , Mathis Kruse , Antonio Ortega , Marius Lindauer , Bodo Rosenhahn

Deep neural network models degrade significantly in the long-tailed data distribution, with the overall training data dominated by a small set of classes in the head, and the tail classes obtaining less training examples. Addressing the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Brainard Philemon Jagati , Jitendra Tembhurne , Harsh Goud , Rudra Pratap Singh , Chandrashekhar Meshram

This paper considers learning deep features from long-tailed data. We observe that in the deep feature space, the head classes and the tail classes present different distribution patterns. The head classes have a relatively large spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Jialun Liu , Yifan Sun , Chuchu Han , Zhaopeng Dou , Wenhui Li

Most existing state-of-the-art video classification methods assume that the training data obey a uniform distribution. However, video data in the real world typically exhibit an imbalanced long-tailed class distribution, resulting in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-06 Yufan Hu , Junyu Gao , Changsheng Xu