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Solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most powerful explosions in the Sun. They are major sources of potentially destructive space weather conditions. However, the possible causes of their initiation remain controversial.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-16 X. L. Yan , C. W. Jiang , Z. K. Xue , J. C. Wang , E. R. Priest , L. H. Yang , D. F. Kong , W. D. Cao , H. S. Ji

Interest in stealth coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is increasing due to their relatively high occurrence rate and space weather impact. However, typical CME signatures such as extreme-ultraviolet dimmings and post-eruptive arcades are hard…

The relative importance of different initiation mechanisms for coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on the Sun is uncertain. One possible mechanism is the loss of equilibrium of coronal magnetic flux ropes formed gradually by large-scale surface…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 A. R. Yeates , G. D. R. Attrill , Dibyendu Nandy , D. H. Mackay , P. C. H. Martens , A. A. van Ballegooijen

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the primary drivers of severe space weather disturbances in the heliosphere. Models of CME dynamics have been proposed that do not fully include the effects of magnetic reconnection on the forces driving…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-20 Brian T. Welsch

It is not fully understood why some solar filaments erupt while others do not. Those that do typically undergo a slow rise followed by an acceleration phase, though this transition requires further investigation. Erupting prominences have…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-25 Dion Donné , Yuhao Zhou , Hebe Cremades , Rony Keppens

It is generally believed that the magnetic free energy accumulated in the corona serves as a main energy source for solar explosions such as coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In the framework of the flux rope catastrophe model for CMEs, the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 Y. Chen , Y. Q. Hu , S. J. Sun

We investigate the initiation and formation of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) via detailed two-viewpoint analysis of low corona observations of a relatively fast CME acquired by the SECCHI instruments aboard the STEREO mission. The event…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 A. Vourlidas , P. Syntelis , K. Tsinganos

We propose a new model for the initiation of a solar coronal mass ejection (CME). The model agrees with two properties of CMEs and eruptive flares that have proved to be very difficult to explain with previous models. a) Very low-lying…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-30 S. K. Antiochos , C. R. DeVore , J. A. Klimchuk

Solar flares (SFs) are sudden brightening observed over the Sun surface which is associated with a large energy release. Flares with burst of Xray emission are normally followed by a mass ejection of electrons and ions from the solar…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-02-03 Kamsali Nagaraja , Praveen Kumar Basuvaraj , S. C. Chakravarty

We report on three-dimensional (3D) Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of recurrent eruptions in emerging flux regions. We find that reconnection of sheared fieldlines, along the polarity inversion line of an emerging bipolar region,…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-12-06 P. Syntelis , V. Archontis , K. Tsinganos

We investigate two successive flux rope (FR1 and FR2) eruptions resulting in two coronal mass ejections (CMEs) on 2012 January 23. Both FRs appeared as an EUV channel structure in the images of high temperature passbands of the Atmospheric…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 X. Cheng , J. Zhang , M. D. Ding , O. Olmedo , X. D. Sun , Y. Guo , Y. Liu

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) typically exhibit a three-component structure in white-light (WL) coronagraphs. Utilizing the seamless observations of the inner corona ($\le$ 3 R$_\odot$), we have revealed the early evolution of the cavity…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-21 Shuting Li , Li Feng , Beili Ying , Hongqiang Song , Guanglu Shi , Jiahui Shan , Jie Zhao , Weiqun Gan

Aims. Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are the most fascinating explosion in the solar system; however, their formation is still not fully understood. Methods. Here, we investigate a well-observed CME on 2021 May 07 that showed a typical…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-26 B. T. Wang , X. Cheng , H. Q. Song , M. D. Ding

The scenario of twin coronal mass ejections (CMEs), i.e., a fast and wide primary CME (priCME) preceded by previous CMEs (preCMEs), has been found to be favorable to a more efficient particle acceleration in large solar energetic particle…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-11-03 Bin Zhuang , Noé Lugaz , Tingyu Gou , Liuguan Ding

A close association between eruptive prominences and CMEs, both slow and fast CMEs, was reported in many studies. Sometimes it is possible to follow the material motion starting from the prominence (filament) activation to the CME in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Boris Filippov , Serge Koutchmy

The magnetic flux rope (MFR) is believed to be the underlying magnetic structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). However, it remains unclear how an MFR evolves into and forms the multi-component structure of a CME. In this paper, we…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 X. Cheng , M. D. Ding , Y. Guo , J. Zhang , A. Vourlidas , Y. D. Liu , O. Olmedo , J. Q. Sun , C. Li

Solar filament eruptions play a crucial role in triggering coronal mass ejections (CMEs). More than 80 % of eruptions lead to a CME. This correlation has been studied extensively during the past solar cycles and the last long solar minimum.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 B. Schmieder , P. Demoulin , G. Aulanier

Context. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large eruptions of magnetised plasma from the Sun that are often accompanied by solar radio bursts produced by accelerated electrons. Aims. A powerful source for accelerating electron beams are…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-10-14 D. E. Morosan , E. Palmerio , J. E. Räsänen , E. K. J. Kilpua , J. Magdalenić , B. J. Lynch , A. Kumari , J. Pomoell , M. Palmroth

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the primary drivers of adverse space-weather events, yet their initiation and onset prediction remain insufficiently understood due to the complexity of the magnetic topology and physical processes in real…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-13 J. H. Guo , S. Poedts , B. Schmieder , Y. Guo , C. Zhou , H. Wu , Y. W. Ni , Z. Zhong , Y. H. Zhou , S. H. Li , P. F. Chen

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are more energetic than any other class of solar phenomena. They arise from the rapid release of up to $10^{33}$ erg of magnetic energy mainly in the form of particle acceleration and bulk plasma motion. Their…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-25 Julián D. Alvarado-Gómez , Jeremy J. Drake , Ofer Cohen , Federico Fraschetti , Cecilia Garraffo , Katja Poppenhäger