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Composed Image Retrieval (CIR) aims to retrieve a target image from a query composed of a reference image and modification text. Recent training-free zero-shot methods often employ Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Yi Sun , Jinyu Xu , Qing Xie , Jiachen Li , Yanchun Ma , Yongjian Liu

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have achieved impressive results in visual question-answering and reasoning tasks through vision instruction tuning on specific datasets. However, there remains significant room for improvement in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Xiyao Wang , Jiuhai Chen , Zhaoyang Wang , Yuhang Zhou , Yiyang Zhou , Huaxiu Yao , Tianyi Zhou , Tom Goldstein , Parminder Bhatia , Furong Huang , Cao Xiao

Treating texts as images, combining prompts with textual labels for prompt tuning, and leveraging the alignment properties of CLIP have been successfully applied in zero-shot multi-label image recognition. Nonetheless, relying solely on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Haonan Xu , Dian Chao , Xiangyu Wu , Zhonghua Wan , Yang Yang

Visual transfer learning for unseen categories presents an active research topic yet a challenging task, due to the inherent conflict between preserving category-specific representations and acquiring transferable knowledge. Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Xiao Shi , Yangjun Ou , Zhenzhong Chen

Vision-Language models like CLIP have been widely adopted for various tasks due to their impressive zero-shot capabilities. However, CLIP is not suitable for extracting 3D geometric features as it was trained on only images and text by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Deepti Hegde , Jeya Maria Jose Valanarasu , Vishal M. Patel

Reasoning Segmentation requires models to interpret complex, context-dependent linguistic queries to achieve pixel-level localization. Current dominant approaches rely heavily on Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) or Reinforcement Learning (RL).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Kai Ye , Xiaotong You , Jianghang Lin , Jiayi Ji , Pingyang Dai , Liujuan Cao

Recent work shows that documents from encyclopedias serve as helpful auxiliary information for zero-shot learning. Existing methods align the entire semantics of a document with corresponding images to transfer knowledge. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xiangyan Qu , Jing Yu , Keke Gai , Jiamin Zhuang , Yuanmin Tang , Gang Xiong , Gaopeng Gou , Qi Wu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) rely heavily on pretrained vision encoders to support downstream tasks such as image captioning, visual question answering, and zero-shot classification. Despite their strong performance, these encoders remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Md Zarif Hossain , Ahmed Imteaj

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims to classify objects that are not observed or seen during training. It relies on class semantic description to transfer knowledge from the seen classes to the unseen classes. Existing methods of obtaining class…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Fahimul Hoque Shubho , Townim Faisal Chowdhury , Ali Cheraghian , Morteza Saberi , Nabeel Mohammed , Shafin Rahman

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in zero-shot action recognition by learning to associate video embeddings with class embeddings. However, a significant challenge arises when relying solely on action…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yehna Kim , Young-Eun Kim , Seong-Whan Lee

Improving vision-language models (VLMs) in the post-training stage typically relies on supervised fine-tuning or reinforcement learning, methods that necessitate costly, human-annotated data. While self-supervised techniques have proven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Wen Wen , Tianwu Zhi , Kanglong Fan , Yang Li , Xinge Peng , Yabin Zhang , Yiting Liao , Junlin Li , Li Zhang

We propose a zero-shot learning relation classification (ZSLRC) framework that improves on state-of-the-art by its ability to recognize novel relations that were not present in training data. The zero-shot learning approach mimics the way…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-22 Jiaying Gong , Hoda Eldardiry

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is a framework to classify images belonging to unseen classes based on solely semantic information about these unseen classes. In this paper, we propose a new ZSL algorithm using coupled dictionary learning. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Mohammad Rostami , Soheil Kolouri , Zak Murez , Yuri Owekcho , Eric Eaton , Kuyngnam Kim

Self-supervised vision-language pretraining from pure images and text with a contrastive loss is effective, but ignores fine-grained alignment due to a dual-stream architecture that aligns image and text representations only on a global…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Zaid Khan , Vijay Kumar BG , Xiang Yu , Samuel Schulter , Manmohan Chandraker , Yun Fu

This paper presents a novel training-free framework for open-vocabulary image segmentation and object recognition (OVSR), which leverages EfficientNetB0, a convolutional neural network, for unsupervised segmentation and CLIP, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Ying Dai , Wei Yu Chen

Open-vocabulary models are a promising new paradigm for image classification. Unlike traditional classification models, open-vocabulary models classify among any arbitrary set of categories specified with natural language during inference.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Sarah Pratt , Ian Covert , Rosanne Liu , Ali Farhadi

Vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have gained popularity for their strong open vocabulary classification performance, but they are prone to assigning high confidence scores to misclassifications, limiting their reliability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zhenxiang Lin , Maryam Haghighat , Will Browne , Dimity Miller

Vision-language models have transformed multimodal representation learning, yet dominant contrastive approaches like CLIP require large batch sizes, careful negative sampling, and extensive hyperparameter tuning. We introduce NOVA, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Lukas Kuhn , Giuseppe Serra , Florian Buettner

Household environments are visually diverse. Embodied agents performing Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) in the wild must be able to handle this diversity, while also following arbitrary language instructions. Recently, Vision-Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Vishnu Sashank Dorbala , Gunnar Sigurdsson , Robinson Piramuthu , Jesse Thomason , Gaurav S. Sukhatme

Deep learning has attained remarkable success in many 3D visual recognition tasks, including shape classification, object detection, and semantic segmentation. However, many of these results rely on manually collecting densely annotated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Fernando Julio Cendra , Lan Ma , Jiajun Shen , Xiaojuan Qi