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Electric vehicle (EV) charging can negatively impact electric distribution networks by exceeding equipment thermal ratings and causing voltages to drop below standard ranges. In this paper, we develop a decentralized EV charging control…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-04-02 Mingxi Liu , Phillippe K. Phanivong , Yang Shi , Duncan S. Callaway

Electric Vehicle (EV) has become a preferable choice in the modern transportation system due to its environmental and energy sustainability. However, in many large cities, EV drivers often fail to find the proper spots for charging, because…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Weijia Zhang , Hao Liu , Fan Wang , Tong Xu , Haoran Xin , Dejing Dou , Hui Xiong

Centralized training with decentralized execution (CTDE) has been the dominant paradigm in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), but its reliance on global state information during training introduces scalability, robustness, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Shahil Shaik , Jonathon M. Smereka , Yue Wang

This paper introduces an energy-efficient, software-defined vehicular edge network for the growing intelligent connected transportation system. A joint user-centric virtual cell formation and resource allocation problem is investigated to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-18 Md Ferdous Pervej , Shih-Chun Lin

As power systems advance toward net-zero targets, behind-the-meter renewables are driving rapid growth in distributed energy resources (DERs). Virtual power plants (VPPs) increasingly coordinate these resources to support power distribution…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-07 Chenghao Huang , Jiarong Fan , Weiqing Wang , Hao Wang

This paper presents a decentralized Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approach to an incentive-based Demand Response (DR) program, which aims to maintain the capacity limits of the electricity grid and prevent grid congestion by…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-11 Jasper van Tilburg , Luciano C. Siebert , Jochen L. Cremer

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) problems often require cooperation among agents in order to solve a task. Centralization and decentralization are two approaches used for cooperation in MARL. While fully decentralized methods are…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-30 Bengisu Guresti , Nazim Kemal Ure

This paper presents a problem in power networks that creates an exciting and yet challenging real-world scenario for application of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). The emerging trend of decarbonisation is placing excessive stress…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Jianhong Wang , Wangkun Xu , Yunjie Gu , Wenbin Song , Tim C. Green

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for adaptive traffic signal control (ATSC) of multiple intersections. Existing approaches typically follow either a fully centralized or a fully decentralized…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Arash Rezaali , Pouria Yazdani , Monireh Abdoos

Mapping deep neural networks (DNNs) to hardware is critical for optimizing latency, energy consumption, and resource utilization, making it a cornerstone of high-performance accelerator design. Due to the vast and complex mapping space,…

Much work has been dedicated to the exploration of Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) paradigms implementing a centralized learning with decentralized execution (CLDE) approach to achieve human-like collaboration in cooperative…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Piyush K. Sharma , Rolando Fernandez , Erin Zaroukian , Michael Dorothy , Anjon Basak , Derrik E. Asher

Connected and autonomous vehicles across land, water, and air must often operate in dynamic, unpredictable environments with limited communication, no centralized control, and partial observability. These real-world constraints pose…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Hung Du , Hy Nguyen , Srikanth Thudumu , Rajesh Vasa , Kon Mouzakis

In edge computing systems, autonomous agents must make fast local decisions while competing for shared resources. Existing MARL methods often resume to centralized critics or frequent communication, which fail under limited observability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Andrea Fox , Francesco De Pellegrini , Eitan Altman

With the recent advances in mobile energy storage technologies, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a crucial part of smart grids. When EVs participate in the demand response program, the charging cost can be significantly reduced by taking…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-05 Zixuan Zhang , Yuning Jiang , Yuanming Shi , Ye Shi , Wei Chen

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in Traffic Signal Control (TSC) faces significant hurdles in real-world deployment due to limited generalization to dynamic traffic flow variations. Existing approaches often overfit static patterns and use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sheng-You Huang , Hsiao-Chuan Chang , Yen-Chi Chen , Ting-Han Wei , I-Hau Yeh , Sheng-Yao Kuan , Chien-Yao Wang , Hsuan-Han Lee , I-Chen Wu

In this paper, a novel Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) approach, Multi-Agent Continuous Dynamic Policy Gradient (MACDPP) was proposed to tackle the issues of limited capability and sample efficiency in various scenarios controlled…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-27 Chenyang Miao , Yunduan Cui , Huiyun Li , Xinyu Wu

This paper addresses the challenges associated with decentralized voltage control in power grids due to an increase in distributed generations (DGs). Traditional model-based voltage control methods struggle with the rapid energy…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-08 Han Xu , Jialin Zheng , Guannan Qu

Active voltage control presents a promising avenue for relieving power congestion and enhancing voltage quality, taking advantage of the distributed controllable generators in the power network, such as roof-top photovoltaics. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Yang Qu , Jinming Ma , Feng Wu

Despite the rapid expansion of electric vehicle (EV) charging networks, questions remain about their efficiency in meeting the growing needs of EV drivers. Previous simulation-based approaches, which rely on static behavioural rules, have…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zixin Feng , Qunshan Zhao , Alison Heppenstall

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) algorithms show amazing performance in simulation in recent years, but placing MARL in real-world applications may suffer safety problems. MARL with centralized shields was proposed and verified in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-03-24 Zhiyuan Cai , Huanhui Cao , Wenjie Lu , Lin Zhang , Hao Xiong